The piramutaba, Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Valenciennes, 1940), is a catfish species of great ecological and economic importance in the Amazon. However, overexploitation has compromised its natural stocks. Furthermore, the lack of information regarding its reproduction and early development makes it essential to conduct studies that support conservation and aquaculture efforts. This study describes induced reproduction as well as the morphological and morphometric changes from hatching to the juvenile stage of the species. Eight sexually mature broodstock (three females weighing 4 kg and five males weighing 2.67 ± 0.21 kg) were used. Females received two doses of carp pituitary extract (0.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg), while males received a single dose (1 mg/kg). After 248.1 degree-hours (equivalent to 8 h 44 min) at an average temperature of 27.6 °C ± 1.1, dry stripping of oocytes was performed. A total of 140 g of oocytes (3.5% of female body weight) were obtained, with 2,200 oocytes/g. Hatching occurred 13 h and 40 min post-fertilization at an average temperature of 26.8 °C ± 0.18. After hatching, 129 specimens were analyzed and categorized into larval stages (yolk-sac stage - 37, flexion - 31, postflexion - 31) and juvenile stage (30). Initially, larvae measuring 2.52 to 5.56 mm in standard length (SL) (mean: 3.88 mm ± 0.57) presented a hyaline body with an elliptical yolk sac and a slightly curved notochord. The head was flattened, nostrils simple, eyes small, and mouth terminal. In larvae measuring 5.17 to 8.77 mm SL (mean: 6.79 mm ± 1.21), the yolk sac was reduced, the notochord flexed due to the formation of the hypural plate, and the eyes became fully pigmented. The mouth became functional, with maxillary barbels extending beyond the anus. During the postflexion stage (8.98 to 23.42 mm SL, mean: 13.10 mm ± 3.62), the snout was rounded, nostrils became paired, the head was dorsoventrally flattened, barbels extended beyond the anal fin, and pigmentation was intense in the anterior region of the body. The number of myomeres ranged from 48 to 50. In the juvenile stage (23.05 - 37.07 mm SL, mean: 30.54 mm ± 2.99), the fins were fully developed (dorsal = I+6; anal = IV+10-11; pelvic = I+5-6; pectoral = I+9-10), the caudal fin was forked with long filaments, and pigmentation consisted of numerous punctate dendritic chromatophores irregularly distributed in the dorsal region of the body. Larvae of B. vaillantii can be distinguished from their congeners by the total number of myomeres, snout shape, and pigmentation pattern. This information supports the identification of wild-caught larvae, contributing to management and conservation strategies.

The Amazon Rainforest, essential for environmental balance, faces significant challenges due to logging. Native wood, widely used in construction, is recognized for its quality, making it essential that its harvesting follows sustainable practices. This study analyzes the technological properties of two Amazonian species, Roxinho (Peltogyne sp) and Cumaru (Dipteryx odorata), at different exposure times to working temperatures, considering their applications in wooden structures. The research is based on the ABNT NBR 7190-1:2022 standard, which regulates the sizing of structural elements and tests to estimate the physical and mechanical properties of wood. The results aim to optimize the use of wood in civil engineering by evaluating strength, density, and mechanical performance, contributing to technical guidelines and promoting responsible practices for the sustainable use of wood.

In recent years, with population growth, the increasing use of agricultural machinery and the expansion of rural properties for the production of chickens and eggs, for example, the demand for electricity in agribusiness has increased, especially from fossil or non-renewable fuels. Consequently, socio-environmental problems related to the generation of fuels and electricity from fossil sources have emerged. Much research is being improved regarding the production of clean and renewable energy. That said, the research aimed to build a prototype for microgeneration of electricity, using solar and biogas sources. It is a hybrid system, composed of a small-scale biodigester for the production of biogas, solar panels and the use of substrates from laying hens. The research presents an experimental study with a quantitative approach of an exploratory nature. Divided into six main stages, the study involves the construction of the pilot and 500L biodigesters, the biogas combustion test, the construction of the metal cabinet and the coupling of the 1,200Wp solar system, the operation and monitoring of the load controllers, and the economic analysis, based on the observation and quantification of the production of biogas, biofertilizer, solar energy and battery bank. As a result, regarding the first construction cycle of the 100L pilot biodigester, the research presented satisfactory responses regarding the generation of biofertilizer (20kg of substrates) and, mainly, biogas, producing 100% of the maximum capacity of the air chamber, with a combustion duration of 10.5h for a volume of 1.5m³ of biogas. Likewise, with the prototype completed, the economic and financial analysis showed a return on investment of approximately 4 years and 4 months, considering an initial investment of R$ 12,567.94, including the use of four solar panels and a 500L biodigestion system that produced 7.5m³ of biogas. In addition, after technical improvements, the prototype was able to maintain the operation of 874W/day, with peaks of 2,510W/day, in limited periods, in a linear manner, together with the solar system and battery bank. Therefore, the decentralized hybrid system developed in the thesis strengthens the debate on methodological and operational advances in electricity generation and contributes scientifically to new studies on Sustainable Development in Brazil.

The issue of mercury (Hg) is globally recognized, but gaps persist that hinder effective mitigation strategies, especially in regions where fish is the main source of protein. In the Amazon, Indigenous and riverine populations are particularly vulnerable to methylmercury (MeHg) due to frequent fish consumption in contexts marked by a history of gold mining and recent socioenvironmental changes. This study aimed to assess adult exposure to Hg through fish consumption in four riverine communities of the Lower Madeira River (Demarcação, Calama, Nazaré, and São Carlos), and to estimate the dietary risk associated with consumption of different fish species. Between August and November 2022, hair samples were collected from 683 individuals (269 men, 414 women). Samples were processed in the laboratory by acid digestion and analyzed by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry, with strict analytical quality control. Sociodemographic information, eating habits, and fish consumption were obtained through structured surveys, and generalized linear mixed models were applied to identify predictors of total Hg concentration in hair (THg). The overall mean THg was 7.823 ± 8.175 mg kg⁻¹, with maximum values exceeding 70 mg kg⁻¹ and differences among communities, with Nazaré and Demarcação showing the highest mean levels. Men presented significantly higher concentrations than women in three of the four communities, and schooling showed an inverse relationship with THg. Exclusive fish consumption and preference for predatory, higher‑trophic‑level species were the main determinants of exposure. Age and length of residence also contributed to increased THg in some localities, indicating a cumulative long‑term effect. Based on Hg data in fish from the Madeira basin and the estimated mean weekly consumption (2.541 kg week⁻¹), the Estimated Weekly Intake (EWI), Hazard Quotient (HQ), and Maximum Safe Consuming Quantity (MSCQ) were calculated for 12 species. For almost all species, the EWI exceeded the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI = 1.6 µg kg⁻¹ week⁻¹), and the HQ was greater than 1, indicating potential health risk. The MSCQ was extremely low for predatory species such as tucunaré, suggesting that the quantities currently ingested exceed by several orders of magnitude the levels considered safe. Comparison with historical data shows reduced exposure in some localities, but without a uniform trend among communities. In summary, Hg exposure in riverine communities of the Lower Madeira River remains high, with THg levels in hair above international safety reference values. The findings reinforce the need for integrated environmental health surveillance, risk communication, and promotion of dietary alternatives that reconcile the cultural and nutritional importance of fish with reduced mercury exposure.

This thesis addresses territorial planning strategies with repercussions in the southern-western Amazon, in the border region between southern Amazonas and northwestern Rondônia, whose conservation goals, in convergence with development plans, focused on the creation of the Mapinguari National Park , a conservation unit created in this region with the aim of materializing environmental protection policies against the arc of deforestation.

This thesis analyzes the productive, economic, and social performance of family farming in the state of Rondônia, Brazil, from 2020 to 2024, based on institutional data from EMATER-RO obtained through the Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Information System (SIGATER). The objective is to evaluate how technical assistance, territorial structure, productive diversification, and sociodemographic factors influence the performance of Family Production Units (FPUs), as well as to validate an analytical model based on indicators for
monitoring rural development. The research adopts a quantitative, descriptive, and applied approach, using data engineering techniques, unit standardization, and multivariate analysis. The analytical framework is structured around ten Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), grouped into three dimensions: productive, economic, and social/resilience. As a methodological contribution, the Family Farming Development Index (IDAF) is proposed, integrating these dimensions into a synthetic metric for territorial comparison. The results indicate an increase in
weighted average productivity, growth in revenue and profitability, and the maintenance of high levels of productive diversification. Regions with stronger presence of technical assistance, better logistical access, and higher levels of productive organization show superior performance. Conversely, the reduction in the number of extension agents is associated with decreased service coverage, indicating limitations in the operational capacity of public policy. The integrated analysis confirms that the performance of family farming is conditioned by the
interaction between continuous technical assistance, productive diversification, market access, human capital, and institutional density. It is concluded that the proposed model, based on KPIs and the IDAF, constitutes a practical tool for public management, enabling the monitoring of territorial inequalities and supporting rural development policies, reinforcing the need to strengthen technical assistance and its integration with markets and innovation..

Uncaria tomentosa, popularly known as Cat's Claw, has emerged as a relevant plant due to its widely documented therapeutic properties and its potential use in medicine. The plant is widely used in indigenous South American medicine, mainly by the people of the Amazon, who use it to treat a variety of conditions, including inflammation, ulcers, arthritis, infectious diseases and even as an adjuvant in the treatment of cancer. Such traditional uses have motivated countless scientific research aimed at unveiling the mechanisms of action and the bioactive compounds responsible for these therapeutic effects. This study sought to consolidate scientific and traditional knowledge of the species of Uncaria tomentosa in order to stimulate pharmacological interest and regional development, in addition to validating a standardized methodology for obtaining the extract from this plant. To achieve this, this study was based on bibliographical research, systematic literature review, using sources such as official documents from the Ministry of Education, magazines and available scientific articles, such as Scielo, Elsevier, Research, Society and Development and NCBI. These magazines and websites stand out for housing a significant amount of publications from different countries, including Brazil. This approach provided a comprehensive and well-founded analysis, integrating varied perspectives to enrich the understanding of the topic in question. Among the results obtained, phytochemical studies that identified bioactive compounds in Uncaria tomentosa stand out, including oxindolic alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides and triterpenes. Among these, oxindole alkaloids are often identified as the main responsible for the plant's immunomodulatory properties. These compounds have also demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which reinforces the potential of Uncaria tomentosa as a multifunctional therapeutic agent.

This study analyzed wildlife hazards at Porto Velho International Airport (RO), by emphasizing the identification and assessment of wildlife attractants located within the vicinity of the Aerodrome Safety Area (ASA), considering their implications for operational safety, regional development, and urban sustainability. The analysis
covered the period between July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023, during which the Aviation Risk Management System (SIGRA) recorded 444 wildlife-related occurrences in the area. The species Vanellus chilensis (southern lapwing) showed the highest incidence of events, mainly influenced by vegetation height, which favors its presence in areas adjacent to the runway; however, its relatively low body mass reduces the potential for structural damage in isolated collisions. The black vulture (Coragyps atratus) accounted for 45 records, ranking as the second most frequent species, due to its gregarious behavior, larger size, and attraction to exposed organic waste in urban zones. Spatial analysis demonstrated that 95.7% of wildlife occurrences took place within the ASA, indicating a significant operational risk in areas that should ideally be subject to strict safety and control protocols. Sites of urban solid waste (USW) accumulation, such as open dumps and improper disposal points, emerged as major attractants for medium-and large-sized species, particularly vultures, whose diet based on decomposing organic matter and high spatial mobility increases the likelihood of incursions into flight routes near the aerodrome. Furthermore, deficient urban infrastructure in terms of sanitation, solid waste management, and vegetation control contributes to the persistence of these critical points. Based on georeferenced occurrence data, a correlation was identified between waste concentration and wildlife density within the ASA perimeter. The study proposes interventions such as the control and elimination of irregular USW disposal sites; regulation and licensing of enterprises within the ASA; programmed vegetation management; and the implementation of wildlife dispersal or deterrence operations using technologies or methods such as falconry, drones, or acoustic devices. It is also recommended to establish a continuous monitoring system supported by databases and spatial mapping of occurrences. The findings demonstrate that wildlife hazard mitigation depends not only on operational and administrative actions but also on compliance with existing environmental regulations, interinstitutional coordination, and the strengthening of public policies on urban sanitation and land-use planning.

The Ecological ICMS (Tax on Circulation of Goods and Services) constitutes an important instrument of environmental policy linked to the Brazilian fiscal system, distributing resources to municipalities as a form of compensation and incentive for environmental conservation. In Rondônia, the model in force since 1996 is based exclusively on Conservation Unit areas, presenting limitations regarding the systemic promotion of municipal environmental management. This dissertation aimed to identify and propose methodological improvements for the ecological criterion of distribution of the FPM-ICMS (Municipal Participation Fund - Tax on Circulation of Goods and Services) to the municipalities of Rondônia. The research adopted a sequential qualitative-quantitative approach, organized into four stages: I - integrative literature review on Ecological ICMS in Brazil, analyzing 51 studies that highlighted limitations of models based on a single criterion and advantages of multidimensional approaches; II - application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on environmental variables of the 52 municipalities of Rondônia, based on the development of constructs in three main dimensions: Protected Areas, Environmental Degradation, and Sanitation; III - development of a Synthetic Environmental Index (IAS) and a distribution methodology compatible with the current state system; and IV - comparative analysis of redistributive effects. The results demonstrate that the current model concentrates 75.7% of resources in only ten municipalities and completely excludes 18 municipalities (35%) without protected areas. Two alternative rankings were proposed: Ranking 1 (three dimensions) and Ranking 2 (without sanitation, due to inconsistencies in the data). Both significantly expand the evaluated criteria, including control of deforestation, wildfires, permanent preservation areas, environmental budget, and basic sanitation. Ranking 2 demonstrated a better balance between efficiency and equity, reducing the Gini Coefficient from 0.741 to 0.604 and including all municipalities in the distribution of resources. The research contributes to the improvement of environmental incentive policies, offering a replicable methodology with low operational costs based on data available in public databases.

The purpose of this work is to assess the Brazilian housing deficit, particularly in the municipality of Porto Velho, Rondonia. It proposes improvements to the quality of social housing architectural projects established by the FNHIS (National Social Housing Fund). It will utilize functional construction techniques that will ensure tenure security, habitability, accessibility, and cultural adequacy. The project seeks to develop well-being and integrity in the local community (surrounding area). Therefore, it will propose the creation of a hybrid public-private community area (square) with the aim of integrating users, especially in the Floresta neighborhood. The 1988 Federal Constitution provides for the right to decent housing for all Brazilian citizens. Assured and guaranteed by Law 10,257 of July 10, 2001, which regulates articles 182 and 183. The National Social Interest Housing System (SNHIS), was instituted by Federal Law No. 11,124 of June 16, 2005, aims to implement public policies and programs that promote access to decent and adequate housing for the low-income population, which makes up the majority of the country's housing deficit.

Introduction: Gestational hypertensive disorders (GHD) contribute significantly to adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes; although their etiopathogenic mechanisms are not precise, environmental exposure to metals (loids) appears to be associated with systemic repercussions that influence their development. Objective: To investigate the association between maternal environmental exposure to aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, lead, strontium, and mercury and the development of hypertensive disorders in a high-risk pregnancy maternity hospital in the state of Rondonia. Method: This is an observational-analytical case-control study with 77 postpartum women with GHD and 154 postpartum women without the disease. Data were collected using a specific form and by consulting electronic medical records. Breast milk samples were collected to perform metal (loid) analysis. The concentrations of total mercury (HgT) in breast milk were determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy with a flow injection system and the concentrations of other metals (loid) by optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed and complemented by Principal Component Analysis (PCA); binary and conditional logistic regression models were adjusted to evaluate the associated factors and the influence of metal concentrations on the condition studied. Results: Women with HDP were older, had a higher body mass index (BMI), were more obese and reported using chemical hair products when compared to normotensive women. The case group had higher concentrations of strontium and lower concentrations of barium in breast milk. After adjusting the models, exposure to metals was not associated with HDG, whereas the use of chemical products for straightening or hair dye and pre-gestational BMI greater than 25 kg/m2 appear to be determinants for the disease. Conclusion: Although the data do not express cause-effect between environmental exposure to metals (loid) and the development of HDG, they confirm pre-gestational BMI greater than 25 kg/m2 as a risk factor and demonstrate that the use of straightening products and/or hair dye appears to contribute to the disease. Therefore, alerting health professionals and women about the risks of using certain products with compounds that have been proven to be harmful to health, encouraging the implementation of standardized care protocols for identifying and managing obstetric risks, adequate management in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HDG variants, and longitudinal follow-up of women's care, and encouraging studies that seek to analyze environmental risks and contribute to the formulation of public policies related to environmental quality and health can be collaborative strategies for improving maternal health indicators.

This thesis analyzes the AMACRO Sustainable Development Zone (ZDS AMACRO) based on its spatial configuration of deforestation as a factor in the sustainability of its occupation, from 2008 to 2022. The region refers to the frontier portion among the States of Amazonas, Acre and Rondonia, southwest of the Legal Amazon. Analyzes of both the ZDS AMACRO as a whole and the contributions of land categories present in it are considered, such as: conservation units, rural settlements, indigenous lands and private rural properties. The methodology used consisted of geoprocessing techniques using the ArcGis 10.8 software with data from the Amazon Deforestation Calculation Program - PRODES/INPE for deforestation, data from Burnings (BDQ/INPE) for hotspots and data from MapBiomas in order to estimate areas with agricultural activities. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analyzes were carried out to better understand the influence of land categories on deforestation in the AMACRO ZDS. The results show that deforestation in the AMACRO ZDS averaged 1,852 km² from 2008 to 2022, with an increasing trend without reaching stability with peaks in 2021 (3,553.7 km²) and 2022 (4,236.9 km²). Fires, as components associated with deforestation activities, exhibited numbers of hotspots with patterns similar to deforestation data in km² both on the AMACRO ZDS scale and on the scale of the portions of each state that make up the zone. The period from 2018 to 2022 it was evidenced a marked expansion of the frontier in the portion of Rondonia to the portion of Amazonas in the AMACRO ZDS, proven by the deforested areas, their coefficients of variation and numbers of hotspots. A positive linear relationship is found between areas with agricultural activities and deforestation, the most intense being observed in the Amazonas portion of the AMACRO ZDS (R² = 0.9632), indicating that the increase in agriculture is more strongly associated with deforestation when compared to the portions of the AMACRO ZDS of Rondonia (R² = 0.849) and Acre (R² = 0.8536). The predominance of deforestation occurred in rural settlements, among their land units, representing an average of 39.7% of the deforestation of the AMACRO ZDS and in private rural properties with an average of 16.4%. In contrast, conservation units and indigenous lands contributed an average of 9.8% and 0.65%, respectively. In rural settlements, private rural properties, conservation units and indigenous lands of the AMACRO ZDS, deforestation occurred in a directly proportional manner with low dispersion (R² = 0.98, 0.96, 0.96 and 0.69 respectively), showing the marked direct relationship of deforestation of these categories with the total deforestation of the AMACRO ZDS. The combination of these results shows the continuity of the tension between economic development and environmental preservation, both in its conservation units and in its indigenous lands, rural settlements and private rural properties, indicating contradictions with its own proposal for a sustainable development zone and establishing itself as a region of expansion of the deforestation frontier in the southwest of the Legal Amazon.

Coffee is widely cultivated and consumed globally, with its economic importance being a major driver of breeding studies and selection improvements. The development of coffee cultivation in the Amazon region is exemplified by the state of Rondonia, where a significant reduction in cultivated area has been accompanied by a notable increase in productivity. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of major Coffea canephora genotypes cultivated in the Western Amazon. The experiments were conducted at Embrapa Rondonia's experimental field from 2021 to 2023, involving 64 genotypes, including commercial cultivars and publicly available clones. To assess grain yield, the cherry fruits of the genotypes were dried and hulled. Compatibility tests between clones were performed using in vitro pollination and fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, leaf stomatal characteristics were analyzed by creating epidermal impressions on slides, which were photographed under an optical microscope, with measurements performed virtually using ImageJ software. Data analysis was carried out using the GENES software to determine variance, genetic parameters, mean clustering, and correlations between variables. High-yielding clones, such as LB30, BRS1216, LB12, N7, LB10, LB20, BRS3220, and AS5, exhibited an average yield of 25.51%, reflecting a 12.17% increase. In contrast, low-yielding clones, including BG180, GJ30, GJ20, AS7, AS10, P42, N1, and P60, averaged 19.15%, indicating a 14.02% reduction compared to the overall average. Yield distribution classified 19.4%, 62.7%, and 17.9% of the genotypes as high, medium, and low yield, respectively, offering valuable insights for optimizing cultivation strategies. Based on compatibility responses, the genotypes were grouped into six categories: group I (24.4%), group II (31.1%), group III (24.4%), group IV (2.2%), group V (2.2%), and group VI (15.6%). The lower frequencies in groups IV, V, and VI were linked to the lower occurrence of rarer allelic forms in this breeding population (p = 0.36; q = 0.26; r = 0.29; s = 0.10). The alignment between allelic and genotypic frequencies indicates that this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for this trait. Considering the cultivation of 2 to 10 clones, the studied population showed intermediate pollination efficiency, between an ideal HWE population (p = q = r = s = 0.25) and a population with rarer allelic forms (p = 0.48; q = 0.32; r = 0.19; s = 0.01). Stomatal density separated the genotypes into four groups, ranging from 486.3 stomata mm-2 (genotype WP6) to 206.3 stomata mm-2 (genotype 38E). Higher partial correlations were observed between stomatal index and stomatal density (0.74), as well as between polar diameter and pore length (0.74). Negative correlations were noted between leaf area and polar diameter (-0.27) and between stomatal index and equatorial diameter (-0.20), in line with findings from other recent studies evaluating similar traits in C. canephora. These results indicate that genetic diversity enables the selection of plants with distinct productive and anatomical characteristics, aiding in the understanding of their field performance. The findings also underscore the recommendation that the selection of clones for C. canephora cultivation should consider a combination of traits rather than focusing on a single characteristic to enhance cultivation efficiency.

This study will analyze the relationship between illegal mining activity in the Madeira River (Humaita-AM) and the Environmental Perception of miners, with an emphasis on the socioeconomic and environmental dimensions associated with this activity. The research is structured around three fundamental axes: (i) theoretical framework, (ii) analysis of risks and vulnerabilities inherent to mining, and (iii) categorical analysis of the Environmental Perception of miners. The interaction between humans and the Environment is configured as a complex, dynamic and systemic phenomenon, which encompasses multiple areas of knowledge, demanding an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. In this context, the link between miners and the Environment is investigated, examining how mining activity impacts this relationship and how Environmental Perception influences their attitudes and behaviors. The methodology adopted is based on a qualitative approach, using Content Analysis to interpret narratives and representations of miners about the Environment. The study was conducted in the Humaita region of Amazonas, Brazil, a location of significant importance for the dynamics of mining in the Amazon. The data analysis is based on the Science of Risks and Vulnerabilities, allowing for an in-depth understanding of the environmental and social implications associated with mining activities. The theoretical frameworks indicate that the Environmental Perception of miners is predominantly characterized by a Naturalist, Utilitarian and Anthropocentric perspective, reflecting a fragmented and instrumental conception of the Environment. This view reinforces the idea that the Environment is conceived exclusively as a resource to be exploited to satisfy human needs, neglecting its ecological complexity and the principles of sustainability. The results confirm the central problem of the research, showing that miners do not see themselves as an integral part of the Environment, delegating to the government the responsibility for its preservation. This behavior reflects a weakened emotional bond with the natural environment and a lack of pro-ecological commitment, evidenced by the absence of values such as topophilia, which could foster a sense of belonging and environmental care. The data also demonstrate that the Environmental Perception of miners is at odds with the principles of sustainability, conservation and environmental preservation, posing a significant challenge to building a more equitable, healthy and sustainable future. Despite government enforcement actions, illegal mining persists in Humaita-AM, sustained by survival narratives that emphasize the economic and social precariousness of the workers involved. This scenario highlights the need for integrated strategies and collaborative efforts between the government, local communities and environmental organizations, in order to guarantee the conservation of Amazonian ecosystems and improve the living conditions and human rights of the populations affected by mining activities.

Air pollution is an emerging public health issue on a global scale due to the trade-offs to both human health and the environment. Burning and forest fires are characteristic of the main sources of elimination of the quality of the Brazilian Amazon, promoting the emission of emissions such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), from the combustion of biomass. Among atmospheric toxins, PM2.5 appears in scientific evidence as a risk factor associated with respiratory diseases and increased premature mortality in vulnerable populations, especially in elderly people, with a greater risk of hospitalizations and mortality. This study was investigated by the association between PM2.5 and adverse stages that resulted in hospitalizations in elderly people between July 2021 and July 2024 in the municipalities of Porto Velho and Cacoal. The study design was ecological and had a quantitative approach. Information on respiratory hospitalizations was collected from the public domain Hospital Information System of the Ministry of Health. Annual and daily concentrations of PM2.5 from low-cost sensors (PurpleAir-II-SD) were determined using the API processed in R software, version 4.5.0. The results of the association between PM2.5 and respiratory outcomes were presented by Relative Risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for an increase of 10 μg/m3, using a generalized additive model adjusted with quasi-poisson regression and nonlinear distributed lag model (DLNM). The average concentrations of PM2.5 per location throughout the study period ranged from 1 to 57.2 (µg/m3) for Cacoal, 1.9 to 190.4 (µg/m3) measured by the residential sensor and 1 to 243.5 (µg/m3) in the public sensor, both in the municipality of Porto Velho. An immediate effect and strong association was found between the increased risk of the outcome on the day of exposure (lag0) for lower airway infections (URTIs) in Porto Velho, with RR=2.5 (95%CI), statistically significant up to lag 4 (95%CI) and a gradual reduction in the effect RR=1.1 at lag 7. And in Cacoal, the RR=1.5 (95%CI), indicated an increase in the outcome of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) at lag 3, indicating that the effects of exposure to the pollutant are delayed, showing a delayed association between exposure and the increase in the outcome. Low-cost sensors are indicative and viable devices, when associated with other air quality monitoring technologies they contribute to a greater geographic coverage, assisting in public policies to control air pollution, especially during critical pollution episodes in low- and middle-income countries.

The objective was to evaluate the thermal comfort of Nelore heifers in Crop-Livestock Integration (iLP) and Forestry (iLPF) systems based on the investigation of animal behavior and physiological parameters. For this purpose, a 2x2 crossover design was used (two periods and two systems), with eight Nelore heifers, with an average body weight of 228±28 kg and an average age of 11±1 months, distributed in the iLP and iLPF systems. The heifers were kept on Brachiaria hybrid cv. BRS Ipypora and managed in intermittent stocking with 10 days of occupation and 30 days of rest, with the iLPF being shaded by Eucalyptus pellita trees, arranged in seven rows of double rows. Behavioral activities were collected from acoustic data, using MP3 audio recorders, for 24 hours of each period. Simultaneously, the internal temperature (IT, ºC) and respiratory rate of the heifers were measured. Dry matter intake (DMI) was also estimated, based on the relationship between daily fecal production estimated with the external indicator LIPE® and the in vitro digestibility of dry matter (DIVMS) of the diet. Air temperature data with globe thermometers were also collected to calculate the Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index (ITGU). Statistical analysis was performed using the SAS® Mixed procedure. The averages were compared using the t test and F test at 5% significance. The ITGU presented averages of 81 and 82 (iLPF vs. iLP, respectively) during the day, indicating a dangerous situation for the animals and an average of 74 for both systems at night, indicating thermal comfort. Nelore heifers spent 15.14 and 10.86 minutes more on grazing activity at 08:00 and 11:00, respectively in the iLP system. In the iLPF system, the time spent grazing was 11.79 minutes longer at 11:00 pm compared to the iLP. At 08:00 and 12:00, heifers spent 15.64 and 11.57 minutes, respectively, more in rumination in the iLPF system vs. iLP. While the time spent drinking water was 0.21 minutes longer at 2:00 pm and 11:00 pm, in the iLP system and 0.28 minutes longer at 10:00 am in the iLPF system. The heifers' IT averages were higher in the iLP system when compared to the iLPF system, at 08:00, 11:00, 12:00, 16:00, 21:00, 22:00, 23:00 and 05:00. In relation to the grazing behavior and IT of heifers, it is concluded that despite the differences between the systems in the activities of grazing, rumination and water intake at certain times, the arboreal component does not infer changes in the total time spent on these activities. However, the lowest internal temperature value of heifers is verified in the iLPF system.

This doctoral thesis aimed to analyze the impacts and challenges of applying risk management
to the strategic axis of public health policies in the State of Rondonia, based on the COSO
framework. The research adopted a qualitative approach supported by quantitative data,
grounded in the pragmatic and interpretivist philosophical paradigms, and employed critical
action research as methodological strategy. This combination enabled a comprehensive
understanding of the observed organizational phenomena while allowing for practical
interventions with transformative potential within the institutional context. Three specific
objectives were established: 1) identify the foundations of risk management within the State
Health Secretariat of Rondonia (SESAU-RO), leading to the proposal of a ten-step risk
management cycle. This cycle was validated at the State Laboratory of Pathology and Clinical
Analysis (LEPAC-RO) and later adopted and adapted by the State Court of Accounts to its
organizational contexto; 2) to measure the maturity level of SESAU-RO's internal controls
based on the COSO-ICIF model, through the development of an assessment tool validated by
governmental control experts. The application of the tool revealed an overall compliance
index of 67.69%, considered moderate, with notable weaknesses in the control environment
component, especially concerning ethics, integrity culture, and personnel management; 3) to
evaluate the implications of risk management for the institutional performance of the
Secretariat, particularly regarding budget execution aimed at meeting the constitutional health
expenditure index. The results indicated significant progress during the initial years
(2020-2022), such as the reduction of expenditures without prior commitment, but also
revealed a decline in effectiveness in 2023 due to political and managerial constraints. The
interpretive analysis was guided by the multiple streams theory, which revealed that risk
management positively influenced the problem and policy streams by enabling bottleneck
mapping, proposing technical solutions, and rationalizing decision-making processes.
However, the political stream faced obstacles, including institutional instability, discontinuity
of risk management practices, and high staff turnover. The main outputs of the research - the
risk management cycle and the maturity assessment instrument -represent significant and
replicable contributions to public sector governance and internal controls. The main
limitations concern the restricted institutional scope to SESAU-RO and the short analysis
period (2020-2023), which limits the generalization of the findings. It is concluded that risk
management, when implemented in a structured manner and integrated into governance, has
the potential to enhance organizational performance. Nevertheless, according to the multiple
streams theory, its effectiveness and sustainability critically depend on the stability of the
political stream, which is conditioned by institutional, cultural, and decision-making factors
that go beyond the technical-bureaucratic dimension.

Sustainability for organizations operating in the tourism sector has ceased to be a
differentiating factor and has become a strategic requirement to reconcile economic
growth, environmental preservation, and sociocultural valorization. In the Amazon, this
urgency intensifies in the face of pressure on natural resources, socioeconomic
inequalities, and institutional weaknesses. Despite advances in the global debate on
sustainability in tourism, the literature revealed a gap regarding the availability of
validated instruments capable of measuring, at the organizational level, sustainability
practices in the sector. In this context, this thesis aimed to develop a scale for evaluating
sustainable tourism organizational practices, applied to the Amazonian reality and later
named the Organizational Tourism Sustainability Measurement Scale (EMSOT). The
research was characterized as applied, of a quali-quantitative nature, exploratory and
descriptive in type, and structured in five sequential stages. Initially, a systematic
literature review was carried out, based on the PRISMA protocol, to identify and
organize sustainability indicators in tourism. Next, the construction, structuring, and
validation of the EMSOT were undertaken, including expert analyses, pre-test, and field
application. Statistical data processing used the FACTOR software, with emphasis on
exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, supported by polychoric correlations and
indicators of psychometric validity and reliability. The results confirmed the robustness
of the instrument, consolidated in 28 indicators distributed across four factors: Local
Economic Development, Responsible Environmental Practices, Transparency and
Social Engagement, and Environmental Planning and Impact Mitigation. The
application in Amazonian tourism organizations revealed more consistent perceptions in
the economic dimension and greater fragility in the integration with environmental
practices, indicating the need for more articulated public policies and organizational
strategies. It is concluded that the EMSOT represents a theoretical, methodological, and
practical advance by offering a validated instrument adapted to regional specificities
and aligned with global frameworks such as TBL, CSR, ESG, and the Sustainable
Development Goals.

Effective public policies and public governance actions are fundamental for promoting sustainable regional development, as they impact the improvement of social well-being. Faced with this panorama, concerns have intensified regarding the effectiveness of public authorities' actions, in multiple contexts, including tax aspects, the importance of which is based on the provision of financial subsidies for the development and implementation of actions in priority areas. In this sense, the research carried out aimed to identify the contributions of the Program for Modernization and Governance of Municipal Farms of the State of Rondônia and the Economic-Sustainable Development of Municipalities (PROFAZ) for maximizing revenue in the municipalities of Rondônia at a level of development as the maturity of its tax administration. To this end, a qualitative-quantitative study was used with exploratory and descriptive purposes, operationalized through a case study. The object of study consisted of PROFAZ, from which the municipalities in Rondônia classified as developing were analyzed in terms of their tax administration maturity index. Data were collected through documentary research considering aspects prior to the implementation of the aforementioned Program and consequences arising from its effective implementation. The results demonstrated the maximization of municipal revenue due to measures originating from PROFAZ, with the Tax on Services of Any Nature (ISSQN), the Tax on the Transfer of Real Estate Assets (ITBI) and the Urban Property and Territorial Tax (IPTU) being evidenced. The impact of PROFAZ on the Contribution for the Cost of the Public Lighting Service (COSIP), the only tax whose allocation is provided for by law, in the municipality of Monte Negro/RO was also considered. The findings showed that the increase in revenue made it possible to change lamps, providing savings and efficiency, as well as enabling improvements in the municipal public lighting infrastructure, expanding it. Therefore, the contributions of the research carried out are based on exploring an emerging and complex theme, whose findings provide insights into the importance of public fundraising policies for promoting social well-being.

The rational use of electrical energy in Brazil and around the world is fundamental to increasing accessibility, energy security of nations, sustainability and technological development. In this universe, IoT (Internet of Things) technologies have emerged to vastly improve the user experience and communication between people and processes. Therefore, smart meters stand out as a tool for monitoring, in real time and remotely, energy consumption. In the current context, as a standard practice for rationalizing energy use, concessionaires and end consumers have replaced equipment from low to high performance. However, when it comes to waste levels, very little is still done. In this scenario, therefore, much research and development has been carried out to use advanced remote monitoring technologies as an alternative to mitigate waste. It is worth mentioning, however, that at the residential level there are still no well-established technologies to simultaneously meet operational, financial and cybersecurity requirements. This work proposes to use a low-cost commercial microcontroller (ESP8266) to monitor energy and develop an Android application to communicate real-time data from the client to the server on a Cloud platform via the MQTT protocol.

The use of biomass is one of the renewable energy alternatives in Brazil. Brazil currently has 82.9% of its energy matrix coming from renewable sources. The participation is led by hydroelectric (61.9%), wind (11.8%), biomass (4.7%) and solar (4.4%) followed by the other non-renewables. The practice of using fossil fuels has been changing and bringing catastrophic consequences to our planet. The burning of these fuels generates gases such as CO2, SOx and NOx, which are harmful, whereas biomass is a renewable and clean fuel. Biogas is considered a renewable source of energy and is generated from organic waste of animal, vegetable or industrial origin through anaerobic digestion. The search for alternatives to its use offers a possibility of adding value to this gas, which allows the use of biomass to obtain a noble product, such as hydrogen, avoiding the release of Methane into the atmosphere, which is much more harmful than CO2, with catastrophic consequences that contribute to global warming. Therefore, this work evaluates the synthesis method and its influence on the preparation of catalysts for the partial oxidation process of methane, which provides H2 as one of the products. In the production of gas, it is necessary to use catalysts, the most used of which are Ni/Al2O3, where its activity and main factors that influence its deactivation will be tested. Evaluating its characteristics through analytical methods such as: X-ray diffraction, N2 Physisorption, Metallic Content among other methods applied to the characterization of the catalyst.

The study sought to understand the interaction between deforestation, water quality and urban planning in Porto Velho, with the aim of evaluating how these issues affect environmental sustainability and the formulation of public policies. Located in the Brazilian Amazon, Porto Velho faces significant environmental challenges, especially with regard to the conservation of water resources and the maintenance of green areas, essential elements for local sustainability. The research was based on a qualitative-quantitative approach, integrating the analysis of environmental data with a review of current public policies. Environmental degradation in the city's streams, resulting from deforestation and disorderly urban expansion, compromises water quality and local biodiversity, aggravating public health problems and threatening long-term sustainability. The absence of effective public policies and integrated urban planning intensifies these problems, highlighting the need for strategies for environmental management and the conservation of natural resources. The research identified that the areas most affected by degradation are located in regions of recent urban expansion, where the lack of adequate infrastructure contributes to water pollution and deforestation. In addition, the analysis of public policies showed significant gaps in the application and enforcement of environmental laws, with emphasis on the lack of integration between the federal, state and municipal spheres. Based on these findings, the study proposed a set of strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of urban growth on the environment, including the creation of protected areas, the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices, and the strengthening of environmental governance. The research also highlights the importance of involving civil society in the urban planning process, promoting active participation in the formulation of policies that consider local specificities. It is concluded that the conservation of the streams of Porto Velho is essential not only for environmental preservation, but preservation areas; degraded areas; Environmental Public Policiesalso for the sustainable socioeconomic development of the region. The proposals presented aim to contribute to the construction of a more balanced city, where urban growth does not compromise the quality of life of future generations.

Human milk (HM) is essential for the development and survival of newborns and
children. Some micronutrients present in HM have been highlighted in public health
actions due to their importance in the pregnancy cycle, especially in fetal development,
such as Iron (Fe) which acts on brain growth and Zinc (Zn) in embryogenesis. Knowing
these levels is crucial to guide prenatal care and ensure that newborns receive the
nutrients necessary for healthy development. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the
concentration of Fe and Zn present in the HM of postpartum women in the state of
Rondonia. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study in which
postpartum women treated at the Ary Pinheiro Base Hospital were selected and, after
accepting the terms of the study, provided a sample of HM and answered a
questionnaire with sociodemographic and economic data, mother's previous history,
newborn data and a weekly Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The concentration of
Fe and Zn was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission
Spectrometer (ICP-OES) at the Wolfgang Christian Pfeiffer Environmental
Biogeochemistry Laboratory of the Federal University of Rondonia. The food items in
the FFQ were grouped into eight groups, as recommended by the Food Guide for the
Brazilian population: Beans, Cereals, Roots and Tubers, Vegetables, Fruits, Nuts, Milk
and Cheese, and Meat and Eggs, with a frequency of consumption established by
scores, ranging from “never” to “more than six times a week”. A total of 277
postpartum women with a mean age of 26.54±6.9 years were eligible for this study, of
which 16.6% were adolescents and 83.4% were adults. The pre-gestational Body Mass
Index showed that 60.7% of the adolescents and 47.2% of the adults had an adequate
weight before pregnancy. Regarding the milk phase, the 277 samples were classified as:
178 colostrum, 58 transitional milk, and 41 mature milk. The concentrations of Fe and
Zn (mg/L) found were, respectively: 1.42±3.7 and 5.97±4.9 in colostrum; 1.25±1.1 and
4.41±2.9 in transition milk and 1.65±1.8 and 3.26±1.8 in mature milk.

Machine Learning (ML) plays an important role in healthcare, providing predictive models created from algorithms and large databases. These models can classify patients for diagnostic or prognostic purposes in various diseases. This research aimed to develop predictive models for death from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in vulnerable population groups in the North region of Brazil. To achieve this objective, the study used data from children aged 0 to 3 years, pregnant women and postpartum women provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Among the methodological procedures carried out, we highlight the elaboration of an Integrative Review in the literature on the use of ML in predicting deaths from SARS and the realization of an applied research done through the CRISP-DM methodology that guided the entire process of selection, processing, transformation, application of ML algorithms and evaluation of predictive models. The Random Forest, Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, and XGBoost algorithms were used through the Weka software and R code library, where the Random Forest models had superior performance. Cross-validation was used to ensure the reliability of the models. The models were evaluated according to the metrics of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, F1-Score, and AUC-ROC, the latter being the primary evaluation metric. Finally, a software application prototype for using the models was developed in the Java language so that the knowledge generated by the model reaches health professionals. The results of this study contribute to the reduction of deaths from SARS in the maternal and child population in the North region of Brazil, contributing to the fulfillment of Brazil's goals in the 2030 Agenda regarding the reduction of infant and maternal mortality and the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in accordance with OECD guidelines. Keyword: Machine Learning (ML), Database, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Predictive Models.

Sustainability has been a topic of discussion among experts, social actors and public managers for a long time. This research had as its starting point the methodology developed by Vasconcelos and Souza (2010) that constructed the Participatory Municipal Sustainable Development Index (IDSMP), which in this case calculates the Sustainable Development Index - IDSE - for the North region of Brazil, with the innovation of being able to use it to compare the results of the states and thus offer the possibility of proposing specific improvements, through the analysis of the indicators, to the State of Rondonia. This is a quantitative and explanatory study. The methodology used in the thesis is based on data from 36 sustainability indicators, from all states of the country, in the periods from 2010 to 2022, of which 4 deal with the cultural dimension, 12 with the social dimension, 03 with the demographic dimension, 03 deal with the political institutional dimension, 09 deal with the environmental dimension and 05 with the economic dimension. The index is between 0 and 1, with the lowest level of sustainability being at 0 and the highest at 1; This procedure was performed for later comparison between the indexes. The method uses 2 mathematical formulas to determine, within each dimension, the level of sustainable development of the region. Given this, the dimensions can be calculated for the state and subsequently for the regions. The results were for 2010 and 2022 respectively: Rondonia - 0.57 and 0.61, Acre - 0.54 and 0.55, Amapa - 0.57 and 0.60, Amazonas - 0.55 and 0.56, Para - 0.41 and 0.48, Roraima with 0.61 and 0.54, Tocantins with 0.57 and 0.65. As a result, the IDSE of the Northern Region in 2010 and 2022 was 0.55 and 0.57. With the exception of Roraima, all states had growth in the index, and the same was true for the region's index. Regarding the research hypothesis, it was confirmed that the use of the IDSE tool allowed the aggregation of several sustainability indicators, within their respective dimensions, generating subsidies for an analysis based on data collected and calculated based on the adopted tool, generating as a result a mapping of the indicators of the states and the Northern region.

Mercury (Hg) participates in numerous chemical reactions in aquatic ecosystems, being able to transform from an inorganic chemical form to an organic one and quickly be incorporated into the biota. In this way, the monitoring of aquatic environments, with emphasis on reservoirs in which the natural dynamics of rivers is altered, is necessary, to enable intervention actions in cases of environmental imbalances, which may occur due to the presence of this element in aquatic ecosystems. The objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of mercury (HgT) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in the planktonic community, in the tributaries of the upper Madeira River over the years 2009 to 2019. Data from the database provided by the laboratory were used. of Environmental Biogeochemistry WCP/UNIR. The samples were collected in nylon nets of three size fractions, 25µm, 70µm and 160µm, by dragging them on the surface of the water, stored in 2 liter PET bottles, refrigerated and transported to the laboratory, to later be prepared for quantification of mercury levels. The Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factors (BSAF) varied according to seasonality and were higher in the Jatuarana II creek in the three analyzed sizes (25µm, 70µm and 160µm). The Jatuarana II stream showed the highest average concentrations over time. The average concentrations of MeHg in general were lower in the Jaci Paraná River and higher in the Jatuarana II creek, zooplankton (160µm) stood out with the highest average concentrations in all seasonal periods and over time the average concentrations increased after creation of the reservoir (2011). In general, the average concentrations of HgT, seasonally and over time, did not show large variations between the studied affluents, seasonality affected the average concentrations of each affluent differently. The highest mean MeHg percentages were found in zooplankton (160µm). The results obtained in this work are similar to the results of other studies carried out in the Amazon region and in the Madeira River basin, and demonstrate that MeHg biomagnification occurs in the studied planktonic community. The higher concentrations of MeHg downstream of the hydroelectric reservoir may be an indication that the export of methylmercury produced in the reservoir is taking place. Seasonality, atypical flood and dry periods and the year 2012 (post-dam) influenced the availability and incorporation of HgT and MeHg in the planktonic community.

The objective of this work is to characterize the expression of gametophytic self-incompatibility in a
breeding population of the coffee tree Coffea canephora, providing subsidies for the management of this
characteristic and development of new cultivars. For that, 550 pollinations were carried out
in vitro between 62 mother plants of the botanical varieties Conilon (27) and Robusta (35). genotypes
previously known compatibility groups I, II and III were initially used as
test plants. 32 genotypes compatible with all testers were identified
previously known, indicating the existence of new compatibility groups. from these
results, hybridizations were performed in a complete diallel design with crosses
reciprocal tests to characterize test plants of the new compatibility groups. based on
compatibility response with the test plants, the genotypes were grouped into six groups,
identified as follows: 11 genotypes in group I (17.74%), 13 genotypes in group II (29.07%), 6
genotypes (9.68%) in group III, 9 genotypes (14.52%) in group IV, 8 genotypes (12.90%) in group
V and 15 genotypes (24.19%) in group VI. Comparison of the compatibility groups with the
genetic diversity evaluated in the field showed that the Conilon genotypes were grouped in
only one of the quadrants of the dispersion, estimated from the first two principal components.
The three quadrants with the highest number of Robusta genotypes showed the highest frequency of plants
of compatibility group VI (39, 48 and 23%) while in the quadrant with the highest occurrence of
Conilon genotypes, compatibility group II is the most frequent (31%). Until obtaining these
results, evaluations of Brazilian populations indicated the existence of only three alleles and three
compatibility groups. The identification of new compatibility groups provides subsidies
for new management practices seeking to increase pollination efficiency, by favoring
of fully compatible crosses.

Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal with no known physiological functions with potential toxicological capacity. The Amazon for decades was a deposit of Hg of anthropogenic origin, whether from artisanal mining or deforestation and, more recently, the large reservoirs for energy generation have collaborated with this problem. This metal has the ability to accumulate in the trophic chain because its organic form, methylmercury, has a high affinity with biological tissues, and its entry into the trophic chain is mainly through plankton, microcrustaceans and fish, the latter as the source most significant cause of human contamination by Hg. Fish is the main source of animal protein in the riverside communities of the Amazon, thus making this population vulnerable to contamination by Hg, however it is also an important source of Selenium (Se), Vitamins D and omega 3. Se has been object of studies for presenting an antagonism to Hg, modifying or minimizing its toxicity. In this work, these elements were studied, with the objective of raising the concentrations of Se and Hg in the most consumed fish species in a lake community in the Amazon. The studied area, Lake Puruzinho, has been the target of research since the early 2000s that indicate significant Hg concentrations both in humans and in other biological and non-biological samples. With the development of this work, it was identified that the top-of-chain species presented the highest concentrations of total Hg, following what is reported in the literature, as well as the highest percentage ratios of methylmercury. Regarding selenium, planktivores (0.2111 mg.kg-1) and piscivores (0.1902 mg.kg-1). It was observed that 81% of the analyzed fish had a Hg:Se molar ratio above 1, with 61% of this total composed of piscivorous species. Therefore, it is believed that the Hg:Se molar ratio is acting as a natural protection against the possible toxicological manifestations of Hg.

The Environmental and social impacts of Compulsory displacements for the construction of UHE produce serious damages to the society that perceives this action. This work intends to determine the aggravation or not of the impacts suffered by the population displaced from Mutum Paraná to Nova Mutum Paraná, relocated to the composition of the lake of the Jirau Dam, in Porto Velho, RO Brasil. At the time of displacement, a survey of 22 people was carried out on the expectations of impact and change, at that moment there was a mixture of expectation and hopelessness, as demonstrated in the documentary “Revoada de Mutum-Paraná” produced with data from the survey carried out in 2010. Twelve (12) years later, this work intends to carry out research in that same group to determine whether expectations were maintained or not, with the objective of identifying whether the main social impacts arising from the relocation of the Mutum-Paraná population were maintained, aggravated or incorporated into other socio environmental impacts. The specific objectives are outlined to verify if the promises of the Jirau Dam were met; determine what are the main complaints of the community today; determine cultural losses, related to habits and customs lived in Mutum-Paraná; determine what percentage of relocated residents fled the location and what were the motivating issues for this change. The Research Universe are the 22 residents who participated in the research in 2010. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to carry out the research, however a field diary was produced so that Discourse Analysis could be applied in order to determine what was said and what was not said. It is expected as a result that the environmental and social impacts are intensifying, that the evasion of the Settlement is a result of the lack of opportunity, there is the intensification of the hopelessness of those who still live there and who would return to the place of origin if they had the opportunity and possibility.

here are studies that demonstrate the ineffectiveness of the Environmental Impact Studies (EIA) in relation to the impacts caused by the Madeira Complex works, and that the environmental licenses are carried out without the proper participation of the affected communities, which resulted in several demands for Civil Actions Public, leading to the appreciation of the judiciary. Thus, using the methodological techniques of Discourse Analysis, together with the traditional communities that suffered impacts with the implantation of the plants on the Madeira River, specifically in Santo Antônio and Jirau, reflecting on the profile of decent work in this region, considering work as one of the main links between economic and social development. This is a research of a basic nature, also having an exploratory and descriptive character, as it allows familiarity between the researcher and the researched topic. With these considerations, the hypothesis is defended that decent work has different meanings when analyzing the institutional memory, confronting it with the meaning for the traditional riverside communities, and thus proving that the profile of decent work in Porto Velho/Rodônia differs. of the profile of traditional and riverside communities impacted by the construction of HPPs on the Madeira River.

Facing the great production potential of tropical forages, Brazil has been gaining notoriety on a world scale with cattle ranching on pasture. This is because when these forages are subjected to good management, the animals' diet can reach nutritional value that allows considerable gains in productivity. The objective of this work was to validate an agrometeorological model based on interannual and seasonal variability of climate and dry mater yield (DMY) of zurigrass (Panicum maximum 'BRS Zuri' syn. Megathirsus maximus) under different nutritional managements. In 2017, the trial was implemented at the experimental field of Embrapa Rondônia in the municipality of Porto Velho. Data from 19 cycles/cuts were collected from February 2018 to December 2019. The experimental design was in randomized split-block with measurements repeated in time. The nutritional management was classified according to the annual nitrogen (N) dose as: low (100 kg of N.ha^-1.year^-1), medium (250 kg of N.ha^-1.year^-1) and high (500 kg of N.ha^-1.year^-1). The potassium fertilization followed the recommendation of 80% of the N dose. For the model parameterization and validation, the climatic data were taken from two meteorological stations located in the city of Porto Velho. The photosynthetically active radiation intercepted (PARi) and leaf area index (LAI) were measured with an AccuPAR LP-80 ceptometer. Dry matter (DM) production was higher in cycles 6, 7 and 8 in 2018 and in cycles 11, 12, 13, 18 and 19 in 2019. The DMY was higher in high nutritional management with average of 2,941.07 Kg DM.ha^-1. The average light extinction coefficient observed in grass under the three nutritional managements was -0.76. The model parameters that indicate the linear relationship between the Accumulated Degree-Day (GDA, °C) and the LAI were 0.0061, 0.0045 and 0.003 for the high, medium and low nutritional managements, respectively. The means of radiation use efficiency (RUE) had values of 2.08, 1.79 and 1.45 for the high, medium and low managements, respectively. Zuri-grass has better rates of PARi, LAI and higher productivity (1,993.93 kg DM.ha^-1) in the period without water restriction and when submitted to the nutritional management of 500 kg of N.ha^-1.year^-1 and 400 kg of KCl.ha^-1.year^-1. The agrometeorological model is able to estimate the productivity of zuri-grass in different fertilizations with or without water restriction.

This study involves the dynamics of human intervention of occupation in the Jamari National Forest (Flona), in view of the possibilities of detailed socio-environmental analysis with the impulsion by the availability of computational tools and satellite image databases. In this context, the objective is to analyze anthropic pressure in Flona, with trend modeling of the numbers of hotspots and the land use, and land cover classes from the year 2000, with the institution of the National System of Nature Conservation Units (BRASIL, 2000), to the year 2017, including scenario predictions for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050. To achieve the proposed objective, GIS techniques were applied, using computational models and algorithms for change detection (Land Use and Land Cover Change), with the INPE burns database and the MapBiomas land use and land cover database. The results show a high number of hotspots as an occupation component, mainly in its buffer zone, with its decrease coinciding with the emergence of environmental legislations, representing 2324 incidences (52.5%) in the first 6 years of analysis (2000 to 2005) and 2104 incidences (47.5%) in the following 12 years (2006 to 2017). Land use and land cover from the years 2000 to 2017 present revegetation in areas degraded by cassiterite mining activity in Jamari Flona (1,850.58 hectares). In this period, for the buffer zone, 18.62% of the Forest Class was replaced by Pasture (11.91%), Hydrograph (0.97%), Temporary Crops (0.06%) and Urban Infrastructure (0.04%), as well as the emergence of Soy as the new Land Use and Land Cover Class in 2017 in the buffer zone (7,791.82 hectares, 3.25%). The scenarios for future years in Flona show an intensification of anthropic pressure for the land use mode with trends in the replacement of Forest Class areas, mainly in its buffer zone, by areas of Pasture, Soybean and Temporary Crops Classes, as well as the stabilization of areas of Mining, Hydrography and Urban Infrastructure Classes.

 The most researched air pollutants include total suspended particles (PTS), MP10 m, and MP 2.5 m, which are found in the widest variety of places where people live. Given that this pollutant has negative health impacts when breathed, public officials and the scientific community need to pay more attention to monitoring it in metropolitan areas. Monitoring is crucial in this regard for enhancing public environmental policy. The expense of air pollution detection equipment is a drawback for monitoring cities. This study proposes to use RS-385 micro pumps, inexpensive equipment that is efficient at capturing particulate matter, which can be studied, to monitor particulate matter and characterize chemical constituents in the urban area of the municipality of Porto Velho, RS-385 small pumps, low-cost equipment that captures particulate matter that may be studied in the laboratory using X-ray fluorescence technology. The gravimetric data show that the equipment was able to catch 416.67 g.m3 of particulate particles, average of point 1 in February, in a 24-hour period, the highest value in the research. The qualitative findings of the particulate matter examination revealed the presence of 24 chemical elements, with sulfur being the most abundant and cesium, tin, antimony, and ruthenium being the least prevalent. There were 16 chemical elements discovered in the qualitative data, with silicon having the greatest percentage value of 48.68% and vanadium having the lowest percentage value of 0.005%. Among the points that had the highest amount of chemical elements detected in the quantitative results point 3, with 13 elements, the points with the lowest values point 1 and 4, with 10 elements each.

Mercury is a metal that stands out for its toxicological potential, since the action of this element can lead to changes in the organism's intracellular transport systems, as well as negatively affect the functioning of the nervous system. The Amazon region, in the 1980s, was the scene of great gold mining activities, which still persists, to a lesser extent, with emphasis on the Madeira River basin, in the state of Rondônia, contributing considerably to the contamination of the local ecosystem. Despite the history of gold mining over the years, this is not the only point that draws attention regarding the emission of Hg in the Amazon region, since it has soils naturally rich in Hg, in addition to the burning of large forest areas resulting in the liberation of the metal reaching the aquatic systems. Another factor that can contribute to these emissions happen is the creation of lentic environments with the construction of dams for the generation of electricity, the activity that has been taking place in an increasingly intense manner in the Amazon. Despite the toxicity, both for eukaryotic cells and for prokaryotes, contaminated environments end up selecting resistant microorganisms, with adaptive mechanisms of enzymatic reduction of mercury species. Thus, a bioprospecting of microorganisms that can be used in the bioremediation of contaminated ecosystems constitutes the initial step in research aimed at transforming toxic compounds into less harmful compounds. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the resistance of bacteria to Hg, from the merA gene. The bacteria were isolated from surface and bottom water samples and bottom sediment from a stretch of the Madeira River basin. The obtained isolates were evaluated for HgCl₂ concentrations, capable of inhibiting their growth, in addition to the detection of the merA resistance gene, responsible for the enzymatic reduction of Hg²⁺ to Hg⁰, by means of conventional PCR. In the study, 79 bacterial colonies were isolated, of which 18 showed tolerance to Hg above 20 µM. The 18 isolates, with greater tolerance, were submitted to PCR and identified as to the species. Of these, it was possible to verify the presence of the merA gene in 4 isolates, demonstrating the resistance of these strains genetically. For the identification of resistant bacterial species, sequencing of the 16S rRNA region was carried out. Of the resistant microorganisms identified in the sequencing, 2 belonged to the species Acinetobacter nosocomialis, 1 to Serratia marcescens, and 1 to Klebsiella quasipneumoniae, showing the predominance of Gram-negative isolates in terms of tolerance/resistance to Hg. According to the results obtained, in this work, it was possible to observe that bacteria isolated from bottom sediment showed higher levels of tolerance, compared to those isolated from water, highlighting the relationship of the different levels of tolerance with the place of origin of the strains evaluated. Bacteria prospected in the Amazon region have the potential to be used in future studies for the application in the bioremediation of Hg, since they have shown to be resistant to the metal because they have the merA gene.

The human evolution process are constant and inevitable, mainly when it comes to society infrastructure development. Following this development, there is a very old origin material and has been used until today, the Portland cement. This material is still manufactured with a very aggressive process to the environment, mainly by nature extractions and CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere. This highly impacting process for the environment has meant that many researches have been and are still being developed, aiming to find alternative materials to cement. To replace Portland cement, much has been studied about the materials calcination in order to obtain pozzolans. In this regard, this paper seeks to evaluate the pozzolanic potential of clays from deposits in Rondonia state, in order to replace cement in different percentages within concrete mixtures and subsequently analyze its compressive strength characteristics through parameters established by regulatory standards. The employed method was the clay samples treatment, calcination of these in a muffle furnace (heat treatment), calcined samples analysis by X-ray fluorescence (FRX) and aftermost using as pozzolan. The pozzolans utilization stages was carried out by the partial replacement of Portland Cement by pozzolans addition percentages, in conventional construction concrete mixes. The additions percentages were 10%, 30% and 50%, beyond to producing a concrete mix without any addition in the form of a control dash. Finally, the specimens were obtained for the resistance analysis of these mixtures with additions, by comparing these with the strength results of a conventional concrete mix (without addition), besides to results analysis based on parameters established by NBR 6118:2014. The soil samples analyzed by FRX showed average values of 0.15; 6.91; 20.36 and 70.87% for contents of calcium oxides, iron, aluminum and silicon, respectively. The kaolinite content average value in the analyzed samples was 51.53%. In the consistency test, the cement substitutions for pozzolan presented acceptable values in soil samples from Candeias do Jamari NBR 8953:2015 and less than acceptable in the Ji-Paraná sample having restriction in its use,
however consistency problems can be solved with the use of concrete additives. The mechanical resistance indexes required by NBR 6118:2014 presented gradual increases over time, however only in the 10% Candeias do Jamari and Ji-Paraná replacement reached the minimum resistance of 20Mpa; in Ji-Paraná the up to 30% replacement reached the minimum of 15MPa to be considered a concrete, but without structural purposes.

In the context of the crisis of the hegemonic model of production, followed by food awareness and well-being, agroecology emerges as a scientific proposal and presents a set of actions and strategies that underlie the new paradigm of rural development, with an emphasis on family farming. The densification and diffusion of agroecological experiences have broadened the view on its importance and have provided a social and political environment suitable for the exchange of innumerable articulations and networks in order to contribute to this growth. In this perspective, the process of systematizing experiences in agroecological agriculture becomes an essential tool for promoting the exchange of the development paradigm for “Bem Viver”. The latter is in constant construction and presents itself as a criticism of inconsequential consumption in terms of environmental degradation and, while synonymous with happiness, seeks to privilege the balance between well-being and sustainability. Through this process, it is possible to critically reflect on the agroecological practices experienced in a community and articulate them to a national policy to strengthen agroecological knowledge. This research verifies the assumptions of the relevance of the systematization of experience in the agroecological field and in family agriculture. The objective is to systematize agroecological practices in family farming centers of the Bem Viver Group located in the municipality of Cacoal – RO. The research was participatory with collective interaction between family members and dialogue with all actors who participated in the process. The methodology followed the steps proposed to systematize Oscar Jara Holliday's experiences, with adaptations. Each step was identified in the form of a synthesis of its main activities and processes, it took place over 12 months and the main learnings were identified and described so that they can be shared.The systematization process allowed to identify the potential and limitations regarding the practices on crop diversification and soil management in the studied region. It improved the group's agroecological practices and created conditions for sharing. Deepened the concepts and dialogues about agroecological knowledge, recovered, recorded and communicated the trajectory of the Bem Viver group. There was learning with everyone involved from the experiences, there was the construction of knowledge between the group and for other groups, all of these characteristics were important strategies for strengthening agroecological knowledge and family farming in Brazil and especially in the region of study.

The proper disposal of solid waste in accordance with the precepts of the National Solid Waste Policy contributes to reducing the generation of waste, avoiding impacts on the environment, extending the time of use of the sanitary landfill, in addition to generating employment for collectors. However, there are institutional, political, economic and social impediments to its implementation. The objective of this work was to investigate the reason for the non-implementation of selective collection in Porto Velho - RO, since Law 12,305, which deals with the National Policy on Solid Waste - PNRS, was instituted in 2010. The research had a qualitative approach, with direct observation and conducting semi-structured interviews. Discourse Analysis was the tool used to transform the interview content into scientific content, which enabled the discovery of the subjects' subjectivities in relation to the work developed. In these analyses, it was possible to observe that the “public management” responsible for the management and final destination of solid waste still does not meet the precepts of legislation 12,305 (BRASIL, 2010). Eleven years have passed since the entry into force of the aforementioned law and few changes can be observed, both in the perspective of building a sanitary landfill, as in the implementation of selective collection. The actors involved in the research were: State Public Ministry (MPE), Municipal Secretariat for the Environment (SEMA), Municipal Secretariat for Basic Services (SEMUSB), Cooperative Rondoniense of Recyclable Material Collectors (CATANORTE), Associação Foro Lixo Cidadania. The analyzed data indicate that there are financial problems, however, one of the interviewees indicated that there is a source of financing available for the implementation. On the other hand, to complement the financial issue, there are institutional issues, that is, the articulation between the responsible public actors, as well as the lack of State Policy regarding the actions to be taken by different actors; this last question is important, because the actors are not encouraged to follow the directions developed by the predecessor, but rather to invent another path to be followed individually. The results already indicate that institutional, political, economic and social impediments are treated in isolated ways and, therefore, are difficult to solve. It is understood that, in order to have an effective implementation, it is necessary to implement a policy that articulates both internally and externally each impediment.
destination solid waste

The process of agricultural colonization that occurred since the 1970s in Rondônia significantly reduced the original forest cover in the agricultural use areas of the state. In Castanheiras, Novo Horizonte D'Oeste and Rolim de Moura, where this study was done, 81% of the municipal territories were deforested by 2020. The fragmentation of natural vegetation reduced the ecological stability of agroecosystems and nature's capacity to provide ecosystem services. To minimize these effects, six vegetation restoration initiatives supported, between 2008 and 2020, 585 farms to restore more than a thousand hectares of forests (0.3% of the total area of these municipalities). This thesis results from transdisciplinary research in the field of ethnoscience, to categorize the ideologies, present in the discourses of family farmers (AF) of two groups, engaged and not engaged in forest restoration. The hypothesis investigation is that there are different ideologies that determine the engagement of AF in the conservation and/or restoration of the vegetation of its properties. The general objective is to support rural communication strategies to facilitate this engagement. We seek to identify the socioeconomic challenges of the AF for ecological restoration; the ideologies present in the discourses of AF related to ecosystem services; characterize extrinsic and intrinsic discursive formations related to the AF decision-making process; to investigate the positions and influences of socio-community relations and their interferences for the conservation and/or restoration of vegetation. Data collection was performed with 40 AF, randomly drawn from a reference population composed of 235 small farms, engaged in forest restoration initiatives between 2013 and 2015 and 2017 to 2019. From the consent of the interviewed subjects, socioeconomic information was recorded and their answers to open questions were recorded. As a method to identify ideologies, characterize discursive formations and investigate positions and influences, the transcription of responses to evaluation of ethnoknowledge by French Discourse Analysis (ADf) was performed. The coding of this analytical process was supported by the use of the Software MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2020 - Release 20.0.4. From the tabulation of socioeconomic information and codification of the ADf, descriptive and inferential analysis was used to present and discuss the results. Two socioeconomic challenges of family farming for ecosystem restoration were defined. Seven identified ideologies, obtained by coding 32 discursive formations, grouped under four perspectives of ethnoknowledge. Ecosystem services was the most representative perspective, present in 60% of the 625 discursive segments encoded. It is subdivided into four ideologies, characterized by 17 discursive formations. Provision services is the only ideology present in 100% of interviews, regulation is at 70%, cultural 58% and habitat 35%. The intrinsic decision-making factors represent 25% of the segments, consisting of an ideology and five discursive formations. Extrinsic decision-making factors represent 8% of the segments, consisting of an ideology and six discursive formations. The socio-community relations, which occurs in 7% of the segments, consists of two ideologies, based on four discursive formations. The hypothesis investigated by the study was confirmed, and the established theoretical framework offers ways for the development of ecosystem restoration programs in the Amazon.

Flooding is a type of natural disaster where the rise in the level of the river during the flood period comes into contact with society, causing damage. In the Amazon, flooding is one of the most frequent natural disasters in the region. The Acre River Basin (BHA) is the most important in the state of Acre. The economic exploitation in the basin causes changes in the landscape that are reflected in the water regime. These factors make BHA more susceptible to extreme hydrological events, with increasingly frequent flooding. In order to minimize the impacts caused by floods, this research aimed to characterize the BHA's hydroclimatological regime, an in-depth analysis of the two largest floods of the Acre River in the 21st century (2012 and 2015) and the development of 4 hydroclimatological models capable of to predict the maximum monthly level of the Acre River in the city of Rio Branco for the current month, for the following month and for 3 months in advance, with one Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model based and 3 different Artificial Neural Network algorithms (ANN) model based. For the hydroclimatological characterization, 49 years (1971 to 2019) of maximum monthly levels of the Acre River in Rio Branco and 39 years (1981 to 2019) of precipitation extracted from CHIRPS were used. In the development of the modeling, mean monthly sea surface temperature (SST) data from tropical areas of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, in addition to the Southwest Atlantic and average monthly atmospheric pressure in Darwin and Tahiti in the same period were used as input variables, 49 years. The result of the simulations of each model was compared with the data observed at the station and from this comparison the accuracy of each simulator was obtained by means of performance indexes. In the analysis of the hydroclimatological characterization of BHA, it was observed that the basin has an average annual rainfall that varies spatially from 1400 to 2000 mm, the lowest values being observed in areas to the south of the basin and the highest to the north. The monthly variability of rainfall in the BHA is well defined, with high volumes in the first months of the year (January to March) and low rainfall levels in the middle of the year (June to August). The maximum annual levels of the Acre River occur preferably between February and March. Relationships were found between the annual total precipitation in the basin and the maximum annual level of the Acre River in Rio Branco with the SST of the adjacent oceans, which affect in some aspects of the BHA water regime both on an inter-annual and inter-decadal scale. Regarding the two largest floods of the Acre River in the 21st century, one was caused by oceanic-climatic phenomena (2012) while the other was due to the performance of meteorological systems (2015). In the analysis of the models tested to simulate the maximum monthly level in a month-to-month continuous time series, all presented acceptable forecasts with satisfactory performance indexes in the three forecast horizons, with the model based on MLR being the best accuracy. However, when comparing only the maximum annual levels, the ANN-based models were more accurate in all the proposed forecast horizons, including the prognosis of the high levels of the Acre river observed in 2012 and 2015. Both techniques have advantages and disadvantages, but the performance results found here allow them to act operationally in environmental agencies as an indispensable tool for water management in disaster prevention months in advance and thus mitigate the frequent flooding of the Acre River with less loss and damage.

Tumors of the central nervous system (CNST) represent the second most frequent form of malignant tumors in childhood and the second leading cause of death associated with neurological diseases, affecting individuals of all age groups. In adults, CNST are the sixth most common cause of death in patients with malignant tumors. The carcinogenic potential of mercury (Hg) is controversial in the literature. Mucosal involvement accompanied by cell invasion, inhibition of DNA repair mechanisms, genetic abnormalities, oxidative stress induction, pro-inflammatory chemokines such as IL-8 and micro RNA's capable of inducing tumorigenesis are related to oncogenesis for that metal. In the present study, we analyzed possible associations between Hg and CNST in 65 patients who underwent surgical treatment and whose diagnoses were confirmed by an anatomopathological study, between December 2017 and December 2019, in the state of Rondônia, in the Western Amazon, Brazil. The measurement of Hg was performed on hair and tumor tissue. No statistically relevant differences were found between the levels of total Hg detected in malignant and benign tumors, according to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO), nor between gliomas and the other primary and secondary tumors of the nervous system, included in the study. The same results were found when analyzing the total Hg levels in the patients' hair and blood. The concentration of mercury in tumors of the nervous system correlated positively with the concentration of mercury in hair and blood, being directly proportional. The fact that the study was carried out in the Western Amazon was important because of the endemic aspect, the environmental issues and the occupational activities in the region that offer a greater risk of exposure to Hg.

This is an interdisciplinary research belonging to the research line on public policies and sustainable development of the Postgraduate Program in Regional Development and Environment (Pgdra). It has a quali-quanti nature and adopts participant observation and case study as technical procedures. The object of analysis is Fazenda Futuro, a social reintegration initiative located in the penitentiary complex in Porto Velho, capital of the state of Rondônia. With an approximate area of 310 (three hundred and ten) hectares, this reinsertion project has several work activities and 60 (sixty) paid job vacancies. The general objective of the research is to develop a management model applicable to the restructuring of intramural work, with a focus on the productive increase of resocialization actions in favor of regional development. The investigation is based on the General Systems Theory and on the premises of social structure by Pierre Bourdieu, in addition to theoretical constructions related to endogenous regional development, prison system, socialization and public management. Given the specific objectives of the research, it was possible to infer that the appropriate management model should seek the material, social and temporal sustainability of internal planning while aligning with local and regional development plans. Four dimensions were defined for the
model: (1) pedagogical: organizational learning; (2) social participation: inclusion of stakeholders; (3) productive: construction of internal planning and, (4) management: articulation of resources and means in favor of consolidating social reintegration actions.
Thus, the socio-technical model presented focused on analyzing the social and power fields, aiming to formulate strategies that provide favorable conditions for the execution of planning and moving away from the common narrative about hierarchy and formal autonomy. In addition to the weaknesses and challenges of the prison system, it is hoped that this work can inspire organizations and individuals in the fight against the stigmatization of the re-educated in social fields, as punishment and imprisonment are also instruments of society. It is hoped, therefore, that the results obtained in this study can benefit the institutional community dedicated to social reintegration in the country.

Groundwater is vastly exploited for a variety of uses, including human consumption. The man form of extraction is through wells, which can be tubular or excavated. These wells, depending on their structure, can be an entry channel for various biological and inorganic contaminants. In the city of Porto Velho, excavated wells, popularly called “amazonas” are quite common and often the water is not properly treated before use. Through an oscillating migration flow in the city and the lack of basic sanitation, these groundwater are potentially exposed to microbiological and chemical contamination. Thus, the objective of this study was to indicate and specify which organisms and elements constitute such contamination. A total of 74 water samples were collected from excavated and tubular wells in the urban area of the city of Porto Velho in 3 different seasonal periods (vazante, low water and flood). These samples went through analysis of physical-chemical parameters, microbiological, trace elements cations and anions. Results point to the presence of total and thermotolerant coliforms in 89% and 81%, respectively, of the evaluated samples. There was a prevalence of the genera Escherichia, Enterobacter, Cronobacter and Citrobacter. Nitrate showed averages above the standard recommended by the Ministry of Health, 24 mg.L-1 for excavated wells and 14.1 mg.L 1 for tubular wells. Trace element contents were above what the legislation recommends in 8 points for aluminum (> 0.2 mg.L-1), 2 for copper (> 2 and 1 mg.L-1) and one for manganese (> 0.1 mg.L-1). Seasonality influenced the electrical conductivity, nitrate, sodium, chloride and ammonium parameters for higher concentrations during flood periods, and the pH and thermotolerant coliforms parameters for higher concentrations during the vazante period. These results highlight the precariousness of basic services in the city of Porto Velho and the absence of actions to combat the degradation of groundwater. Thematic maps prepared can assist decision makers to improve actions related to public health and WASH (drinking water, sanitation and hygiene).

The work is part of the field of genetic improvement of cocoa and its role in the socioeconomic and environmental development of the state of Rondônia, when cultivated in the Agroforestry System. The research was developed in 3 chapters, the first chapter, entitled comprised a vast literature review on the origin and historical evolution of cocoa throughout the world and the state of Rondônia, as well as analyzed the socioeconomic and environmental importance of cocoa culture, when developed in Agroforestry Systems (SAFs), in the light of development theories. It was concluded that the planning for the commercial implantation of cocoa in the State of Rondônia in the 1960s did not meet the minimum requirements of the local development model, but rather a model in which outsiders benefit, since the intention was to guarantee supply of raw material for large cocoa derivatives processing industries. It is also concluded that, with the cocoa planted area still existing in the state of Rondônia, with a public policy involving all stakeholders in the cocoa branch including the technical, scientific and academic community, Rondônia has a potential to produce around 16 thousand tons of cocoa, in addition to bringing social and environmental benefits, such as maintaining the planet's habitability conditions, maintaining biogeochemical cycles, maintaining the climate, offering landscape / amenities, protecting water sources, protecting the diversity of genes and species, carbon stock, urban-industrial waste recycling, wood production, agricultural production, among others. The second chapter, comprised the result of field work that aimed to analyze the productive performance of progeny of half-brothers of wild cacao trees collected in the Brazilian Amazon in order to select the best progenies that subsidize the development of new cultivars with better agronomic performances, with regard to resistance to witches' broom and fruit borer, in addition to higher yield per hectare-1. Through analysis of variance in a subdivided plot model, with the effects of families in the plot and years in the subplot, the significance of the effects of progenies and the experimental precision were quantified. To quantify adaptability and stability, estimates of genetic parameters and Lin Binns' nonparametric test were interpreted. The results indicate high genetic variability among the half-sib progenies evaluated, with heritability estimates of 0.43 for total harvested fruits, 0.41 for potential productivity, 0.33 for resistance to fruit borers and 0.25 for resistance to witches' broom, and those for repeatability were 0.49, 0.53, 0.37 and 0.29, respectively, indicating an important genetic effect on the expression of these characteristics. The AM 1090, AM 1066, AM 1070, AM 1077 and AM 1085 progenies showed better adaptability and stability over the years for productivity. The progenies AM 1068, AM 1081, AM 1091, AM 1095 and AM 1097 had better performances for resistance to witches' broom, while AM 1077, AM 1081, AM 1085, AM 1088 and AM 1112, for resistance to coleóbroca- fruit. Finally, chapter 3 (three) presents the result of an economic-financial and environmental projection for a plantation in the Agroforestry System of cacao progenies that showed better agronomic performance in the genetic improvement program object of the present work, regarding resistance witches' broom and fruit borer, in addition to higher yield per hectare-1.

The resistance to insecticides, commonly used in the control of vectors demands the discovery of new molecules for the chemical control of the vectors Aedes aegypti and Anopheles darlingi. The use of plant in the control of vectors has become an alternative way to obtain compounds with larvicidal activity. In the search for new molecular alternatives, this work aimed to evaluate the larvicidal potential of the extracts of Bertholletia excelsa (EtOH), Protium calendulinum leaf and stem (EtOH, hexane, EtOAc, acetone), Vismia guianensis (EtOH, leaf) and Cipura paludosa (EtOH, bulbs) against the vectors Aedes aegypti and Anopheles darlingi, where larval lethality was observed up to 96 h. For P. calendulinum the best results for A. aegypti were 96.66% for the ethanolic extract at the highest concentration (1000 ppm). The other plants presented low activity in the A. aegypti bioassay, with the exception of the hexane extract of P. calendulinum (stem) that presenting 100% larval mortality. For the A. darlingi bioassay, all the plants showed activity against the vector, especially in the highest concentrations, with larval mortality in the range of 100 to 76%. P. calendulinum (stem) revealed efficient against A. aegypti, with LC₅₀ of 492,344 ppm and CL₉₀ of 630,137 ppm; however, the other extracts presented LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ above 1000 ppm. For A. darlingi, the lowest LC₅₀ and CL₉₀ values were 410.04 ppm and 658.40 ppm, respectively, for the EtOH extract of the B. excelsa barks, which is a promising result, since is an Amazon plant used abundantly. This work has proved to be promising about the bioassays performed, opening the way for new studies with the plants analyzed.

The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of thermal stress on thermoregulatory responses of grazing Girolando cattle in Porto Velho, Rondônia. Two studies were carried out. The first study was performed for validation of bioacoustic as a methodology to estimate the respiratory rate (RR) of grazing bovines. Two trials were performed, the first with five heifers and the second with five lactating cows. RR was assessed by visual observation and bioacoustic at 08:00, 10:00, 13:00 and 15:00. The accuracy and precision of the methodology were verified by Willmott's confidence index (d), mean square error of prediction (MSEP) and mean systematic error (MSP). Data were collected regarding the ambient black globe temperature and relative humidity of the air for estimation of the black globe and humidity index (BGTI). The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications in time. The averages were compared by the Tukey-Kramer test at the 5% level of significance, where the methodologies, the evaluation schedules and their interaction were considered. Regression analysis of the effect of RR according to the BGTI was performed by the PROC REG program (SAS). High values for RR and BGTI were observed at 13:00 for both categories of animals studied. The regression analysis showed that for every 2.4 units of the ITGU, there is an increase of 1 mov / min in th heifer's RR. This effect was not significant in lactating cows (P> 0.05). There were no significant differences between visual and bioacoustics for heifers (84.46 vs. 81.48 mov / min, respectively) and for dairy cows (70.68 vs. 67.93 mov / min, respectively). nor between the methodology and time interaction (P> 0.05). The index d showed values of 0.99 and 0.98 when the methodology was applied in lactating and heifer cows, respectively. The MSEP and MSP indexes indicated high accuracy for the methodology when tested for both categories. The methodology of bioacoustics in the measurement of RR of dairy cattle showed reliability and applicability, mainly to pasture. To evaluate the effect of thermal stress on Girolando cattle, physiological and climatic data from previous experiments with heifers and lactating cows under different grazing conditions were used. RR was analyzed by hourly bioacoustics and internal temperature (IT) every 10 minutes, using data logger thermometers coupled in inert intravaginal devices, both for total periods of 48h. Climatic data (temperature and humidity) were collected through a meteorological station near the experimental area and from them the physiological parameters were calculated the temperature and humidity indexes (THI) and the thermal comfort of Benezra (BTC). The data were analyzed through the PROC MIXED (SAS) program with repeated measures over time. The effects of treatments (without soybean oil supplementation and with soybean oil supplementation and ICL and ICLF), evaluation times (00:00 to 23:00 hours) and their interaction were included as fixed effects. The Tukey-Kramer test for the comparison of means was used when the factor or interaction presented significance (P <0.05) or trend (P <0.1). In experiment 1, soybean oil had no influence on the physiological parameters of the animals (P> 0.05). The THI mean of 75.52 ± 2.93 indicated mild stress during the experimental period. BCT ranged from 3.0 to 3.6, with values higher than that recommended for animals in thermal comfort. In Experiment 2, animals allocated to the ICLF system demonstrated lower values of RR and IT compared to the ICL system (P <0.001). The THI values recorded did not present numerical differences between the evaluated systems (79.04 ± 4.84 in the ICL vs. 78.97 ± 4.36 in the ICLF). Both the ICL system and the ICLF presented ICB values above 2.0 (3.51 ± 0.55 vs. 3.31 ± 0.51, respectively). In both experiments we observed differences between the treatments evaluated for the RR and IT in the schedules from 07:00 to 09:00 and from 12:00 to 17:00 hours. Supplementation with soybean oil at 7% in diet DM did not influence the thermoregulatory parameters of grazing dairy cows Girolando. On the other hand, the shading promoted by the ICLF system benefited RR and IT of crossbred dairy heifers in a grazing system, providing thermal comfort. The THI and BCT indices indicated values above those recommended for thermal comfort, regardless of the treatment to which the animals were submitted.

Currently the Amazon region suffers with accelerated growth of occupation of the territory that causes the degradation of forest resources. The Cuniã Ecological Station, located in the region of Interflúvio Purus-Madeira in the State of Rondônia, was created with the purpose of protecting local biodiversity, but nowadays it is threatened due to the increasing deforestation in the region. Medium-sized mammals are considered good indicators of environmental preservation, since they are rapidly changing populations as a result of environmental degradation. At present, little is known about how these are distributed in the environmental gradient and what are the variables that influence their ecology. In this way, this research aimed to detect spatial and temporal patterns and effects of environmental variables on medium and large mammal’s assemblages at ESEC-Cuniã, in addition to establishing a zero sampling frame for the species of this group, using the photographic trapping method. The project used the sampling modules following PPBIo guidelines, where 30 land plots sampled in the low water and high water period were studied between 2018 and 2019. The dimensionality of the mastofauna assemblies recorded in each plot were reduced by scaling multidimensional non-metric, MDS. Multiple regressions were applied to test the effects of environmental variables on the spatial distribution of the Mastofauna. A total of 204 records of medium and large mammals were collected, distributed in 7 orders, 13 families, 19 genera and 20 species. There was a greater abundance of records in the high water period, with 120 records (58.8%) of the captured photos and videos compared to the low water period, which presented only 84 records (41.2%). The order that presented the greatest abundance was Rodentia with 72 records (35.2%) and the order Carnivora showed greater richness with 09 species registered. The GLM model explained 68.81% of the spatial variation of the mastofauna, which was positively related to the concentration of phosphorus (t = 2,355, p = 0,029), palms (t = 2,230, P = 0,037) and DVR = 0,156) and trees and negatively the silt (t = -1,994, P = 0.060) and litter (t = -2.078; P = 0.051), indicating interactions between carnivores and herbivores along clayey and silty gradients, besides the variability of biomass (quantitative and qualitative) in the availability of resources and conditions in the ESEC Cuniã mainland forest. The large number of records of endangered species, including the feline guild, underscores the need for environmental preservation at Cuniã Ecological Station.

Water is essential to life and has been present on the planet since its inception. It can be found on the surface or below ground, underground. In regions such as Porto Velho - RO, where a small portion of the population is supplied with treated water, most homes use alternative sources of supply for their homes consuming the underground wellspring. Activities such as transportation and storage of fuels, use of septic tanks, use of fertilizers and pesticides can be a risk for groundwater contamination. Since soil is a permeable layer and many elements are easy to move and dilute in water, it is not difficult for these waters to be contaminated. This work aimed to verify the contamination of the underground water source in the residences around the gas stations, regarding the contamination by organic and inorganic compounds that can cause risks to the water consuming population. All points where samples were collected were very close to the station, at most 50m away, and in homes where there was no sewage and running water. Therefore, regions very conducive to groundwater contamination that is consumed on site. The collections were carried out in 2 seasonal periods (low water and high water). The analyzes showed nitrate and ammonium contamination in the 2 seasonal periods and BTEX presence was detected only in the high water period. Thus, it can be said that most of the sampled households have been contaminated by sewage or domestic waste. However, for groundwater contamination by fuels, despite the validation of the analytical method, no detectable concentrations were found in the low water period. There is an urgent need to implement a sewage collection and treatment network and to establish a constant monitoring program for groundwater in the city of Porto Velho.

This doctoral dissertation aims to analyze the Environmental Education practices developed by the project called Escola Mais Sustentável, applied by the Municipal Sub secretariat of the Environment and Sustainable Development (SEMA) in seventeen schools in the city of Porto Velho. The theoretical composition of the dissertation was based on the authors of the field of Critical Environmental Education, signaling to a theoretical construct that has as a singular condition subsidize the teachers in the analysis of environmental educational projects running or in construction, through thirteen epistemic dimensions, called Reference Framework. The research is articulated from a qualitative perspective, with the research strategy being the exploratory case study. Regarding data collection, the combination of three different sources of information was defined: a) projects made available by the Municipal Sub secretariat of the Environment and Sustainable Development (SEMA); b) semi-structured interviews with the coordination of the Department of Management of Environmental Public Policies and Climate Change (DGPAMC); c) conducting a focal group with the schools participating in the Escola Mais Sustentável project. The information was collected in the first and second semesters of the year 2018 through semi-structured interviews and documents made available by SEMA, and the focal group was held in the second half of 2018. It was used the content analysis proposed by Bardin (2011) for the analysis of the documents, highlighting four distinct moments: a) pre-analysis; b) exploitation of the material; c) information processing, d) writing of the analyses. The results found show that the Escola Mais Sustentável project anchors its premises in a conservationist/naturalist/behavioral environmental education conception. The environmental education practices highlighted in the project were: paper and plastic recycling workshops; vegetable garden at school; fertilizer production; selective garbage collection; afforestation in schools; outdoor tours; awareness-raising practices; application of socio-educational workshops; water week celebration; national day of awareness on climate change; noise awareness day; environment week celebration; tree day celebration; world animal day. Regarding the concept of sustainability, it was observed that educational practices emphasize actions that indicate the overcoming of environmental degradation; social responsibility; living in harmony with the environment; do not waste water; avoid the increasing destruction of nature; avoid garbage production and environmental awareness. Finally, it is noteworthy that the educational practices analyzed do not show actions that point to a critical environmental education that involves the school community from the resignification of social inequalities, development models, nor from the assumption of civil society in the pursuit of sustainable pathways based on the Local Development perspective.

The objective of this work was to construct the IGUA - Index of Environmental Management of Water Quality that aims to evaluate the quality of the water collected for the public supply. Based on the DPSIR conceptual framework, IGUA uses 14 environmental management indicators, unlike the water quality indexes widely used in the literature, which use water analysis. The hypothesis was that, in addition to assessing the water quality of the current scenario, the IGUA also allows projections of future scenarios to verify the consequences on water quality of response actions and / or characteristics of the projected scenario. After the construction of the IGUA, its application was carried out in the case study in Porto Velho, as the city has always been precarious in terms of sanitation and needs to expand its supply of public supply. For this, the better the quality of the water abstracted, the lower the technology required for its treatment and the lower the cost of implantation. The obtained results showed that the IGUA calculated for the Madeira River, where water is collected for the public supply of Porto Velho, in the current scenario was very close to its IQA (Water Quality Index) obtained in a study, validating the methodology used for the construction of IGUA. For the current scenario, the IGUA was classified in the good category and in the projected scenarios, it got worse in the trend scenario (going from good to bad), it remained in the same category in the management scenario and obtained an improvement in the conservation scenario (from good to excellent). As a result, it can be estimated that, with the worsening of water quality in the trend scenario, there would be a 33% more cost for the implementation of the newWater Treatment Station necessary for the universalization of the water supply in Porto Velho. Thus, the hypothesis of the research was confirmed, its objectives were reached and it was concluded that the IGUA can be applied in other cases, because it allows adaptations in its calculation by changing the weights of the indicators, becoming another alternative tool for planning aid and decision making.

The study of thematic field has gained increasing attention in Brazil, mainly due to an increasing of urbanization after the 1960s, and more recently the escalation of this process in mediumsized cities. Porto Velho, as a regional center, and due to developmental policies, experienced a growth and densification of its urban spot, especially after the beginning of the 21st century. Soon emerges the need of investigate the variation of air temperature in this city, continuously and seasonally, as well as its relationship with anthropogenic activities. The analysis method is a deductive type with substantiation in Rhythmic Analysis and on Monteiro Urban Climate System (1971). The research was divided into four work stages: a) Rhythmic Analysis of atmospheric systems during the seasons between September 2017 to October 2018; b) Mobile Transects for collection of air temperature from 8am to 9am, from 2pm to 3pm and from 8pm to 9pm during the same period of Rhythmic Analysis; c) the use of remote sensing in the acquisition and treatment of Landsat 8 (Operational Land Imager - OLI/ Thermal Infrared Sensor - TIRS) satellite images and obtaining surface temperature values in ºC and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI); d) data treatment through descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results of the climatic rhythm showed that in the "Amazonian winter", the most active atmospheric systems were: Equatorial Continental air mass (mEc), high of Bolivia, South Atlantic Convergence Zone, low level jets which added to the convections of the place, promoted the highest rates of rainfall, cloudiness and humidity. In the "Amazonian summer", the arrival of frontal systems was responsible for the sudden drop in humidity and air temperature together. The action of the Atlantic Tropical Mass (mTa) inhibited the clouds formation and resulted in greater solar radiation on urban objects. The months of April and October presented behaviour, respectively, similar to the "Amazonian winter" and the "Amazonian summer". In relation to spatial variation of the daily thermal field, monitored by the mobile transects, it was observed the existence of an atmospheric heat island of low to moderate intensity, in the morning this was concentrated in the eastern portion, in the afternoon, in most stations in the northwest, and in the evening a spread from northwest to southeast of Porto Velho city, state of Rondonia, with higher average air temperatures in the "Amazonian summer", between 35,0°C and 35,7°C. The correlation between air temperature and natural and anthropic factors, investigated by this research, revealed: the greater interdependence occurred with the relative air humidity; that the relationship with altitude was always very weak and, in most cases, not significant; that the anthropic variables had a more perceptible correlation in the nocturnal period of the "Amazonian summer", fact related to atmospheric systems performance, which in this season, caused the absence of cloudiness and, therefore, increase of irradiated heat used for the air warming. So, it is verified the existence of daily and seasonal thermal spatial variation related to the degrees of insolation and urban geo conditioners, which, in turn, are potentialized mainly by the atmospheric systems operating in the "Amazonian summer".

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of riverine children and adolescents and to correlate them with the exposure of mercury contamination in two communities in the lower Madeira River (AM). It is a quantitative and descriptive study with a cross-sectional design in the communities of Puruzinho and São Sebastião do Tapuru. The sample consisted of individuals from zero to 19 years old (children and adolescents) and their mothers. Concentrations of total mercury (HgTotal) and MeHg in hair of all subjects and of HgTotal in mothers' blood were evaluated. For analysis of growth and weight gain, we measured the anthropometry (weight and height) of all individuals. In addition, a questionnaire was applied to identify dietary habits, socioenvironmental data. The results demonstrate that the mean concentrations of HgTotal in women's hair was higher in the community of Puruzinho 11.6 ± 5.0 mg.kg-1 and MeHg 8.7 ± 4.1 mg.kg-1, compared to women of Tapuru with HgTotal (7.0 ± 3.73 mg.kg-1) and MeHg (6.79 ± 3.4 mg.kg-1). The highest means for the age groups was observed in the age group 0-5 years in the Puruzinho with HgTotal (9.14 ± 3.44 mg.kg-1) MeHg (8.81 ± 4.08 mg.kg- 1). In the Tapuru, the mean age group was> 5-10 years old with HgTotal (7.76 ± 1.52 mg.kg-1), MeHg (7.17 ± 1.44 mg.kg-1). Although the frequency of weekly consumption of fish in the community of Tapuru is higher, 84.8% of the families reported consuming non-carnivorous fish, while 48.33% of the Puruzinho families consume preferentially carnivorous fish. The Puruzinho community also had higher blood HgTotal levels with 45 ug.L-1 compared to Tapuru with 30.11 ug.L-1. In the evaluation of time in the Puruzinho in the period 2012-2017, it was observed that there was no significant difference in the concentrations of HgTotal in the hair of the population for adults, children and adolescents, however, the mean of the concentrations in the age group> 5-10 years presented a decrease of 57.84% in the evaluation of 2017 compared to 2012. Regarding the growth the community of Tapuru presented averages of z score HAZ in the age group of 0-5,> 5-10,> 10-19 (-0, 42; -0.16; -1.02), as well as BMI (0.75, -0.45, -0.22). In the Puruzinho HAZ (0.86; -0.68; -0.64), BMI (0.31; -0.25; -0.02) in the respective age groups. Most children and adolescents in both communities are eutrophic; however, in the Tapuru, some children from zero to five years are shorter and heavier, while individuals are> 5 to 10 years of age and underweight. Some of the adolescents are also below the reference standards. In the Puruzinho, only the age group of the adolescents presented a difference, being that they are below in the cutoff score -2. In the Tapuru there is a significant negative correlation, although weak, with R - 0.372 in relation to the HAZ score (height for age) with the concentration of mercury. But not necessarily out of the reference range.

The satisfactory restoration of uterine function in the postpartum period is fundamental for the beef cows to present adequate fertility when submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (IATF) protocols. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between uterine health and fertility of cows submitted to IATF programs initiated between 20 and 60 days postpartum (DPP). This study was performed with 244 Nelore multiparous cows (Bos taurus indicus) in the postpartum period. These bovine females were separated into 3 groups according to the postpartum days (DPP): 1) Group <30DPP (n= 64), composed of cows with DPP between 20 and 30; 2) Group <45DPP (n= 115), composed of cows with DPP between 31 and 45; 3) Group <60DPP (n= 65), composed of cows with DPP between 46 and 60. On day 0 of the IATF protocol endometrial cells samples were collected (cytobrush). Blades with the samples were prepared and submitted to evaluation for polymorphonuclear cell counts (PMN) under microscopy. Cows in the <30DPP group (19/64 = 29.7%) presented a lower (P <0.05) pregnancy rate per AI (P/AI) than cows in the <45DPP groups (52/115 = 45.2%) and <60 DPP (34/65 = 52.3%). Uterine discharge and the proportion of PMN cells decreased with increasing postpartum days. These results indicate that females with higher PMN have healthier uterus and tend to have a higher pregnancy rate / AI, indicating that animals with more than 30 postpartum can be included in the IATF programs. Animals qualified with appropriate ECC by the Vetscore® device (green) had an increase in pregnancy/AI when compared to females in the other categories.

The term sustainability has become a theoretical reference and vision of development since 1987, which indicates the needs of the present generation must be guaranteed without compromising the needs of future generations, encompassing a concept of development named sustainable development. Corporate sustainability was incorporated over time the economic activities with the internalization of this concept by parts of the institutions, as well as the financing and economic agents. This refers to the economic, social and environmental impact of productive activities, satisfying the gains and minimizing the social and environmental impacts, through the set of management practices in the economic activity. The objective of this study was to test a business sustainability model - Grid de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (GSE) - based on the environmental, social and economic dimensions of ceramics installed in the municipalities of Cacoal and Pimenta Bueno in the State of Rondônia. in the municipalities of Pimenta Bueno and Cacoal. The methodological steps are characterized by the exploratory research with a qualitative approach, as a function of the survey addressing the environmental sustainability indicators in the companies studied. Data collection will be based on primary and secondary data. The methodology applied in the research will be carried out in three stages, the first one to calculate the Partial Sustainability Scores (EPS), the second stage consists of the calculation of the Corporate Sustainability Scores (EPE) and the third and final step is the integration of the Partial Sustainability Scores with the Grid of Corporate Sustainability (GSE). With this research, it is hoped to build a theoretical and practical contribution of the Grid method of Corporate Sustainability (GSE) for ceramics industries in the municipalities of Cacoal and Pimenta Bueno in the state of Rondônia, providing subsidies for the implementation of business sustainability indicators for (environmental, social and economic), contribution to the sustainable development of the Amazon, maturing the understanding of the advantages that sustainability can promote in the municipalities under study.

Introduction: When we talk about obesity, in a general way, it is not difficult to recognize it, nor is it overweight, but when it is diagnosed, it needs methodological care to identify the risks that this disease can bring to the population. Obesity is defined by the World Health Organization as ‘Disease in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health can be affected’, this demonstrates the concern of this entity with the possible consequences of the accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. Epidemiological studies conducted in the 1990s show that obesity, besides being considered a disease, is an important risk factor for the onset of other diseases such as diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, dyslipidemias, myocardial infarction and stroke. In the last decade, this trend is still observed, that is, obesity is still a risk factor for dyslipidemic diseases). Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate and describe the prevalence of obesity and overweight among schoolchildren aged 7 to 12 years old from municipal schools in Cacoal (Rondônia) and to analyze the relationship between nutritional classification in biological, psychological and cognitive variables. Checking the BMI and waist circumference still Identify the variables infant stress and body image in, quantifying the school performance through the notes of Portuguese and mathematics, in addition to verifying the biological maturation, and finally, to analyze the correlation between the bio- psycho-cognitive and nutritional. Methods: The sample consisted of 482 schoolchildren aged 7 to 12 years of age, of both sexes, of which 111 were urban and 371 were rural. BMI values, abdominal circumference measurements, biological maturation, body image, stress and school performance were collected. The collected data were tabulated in the program Microsoft Excel 2010 and later carried out the statistics in the program SPSS 20.0 using a descriptive statistic where average, standard deviation and percentage were calculated, and to compare the means of the groups, a two factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) Two-way, and apply the t-student tests. A post-hoc SCHEFFÉ test was used to detect possible differences in age, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to quantify the degree of normality of the sample. Pearson's correlation test was used to correlate the variables, where a significance level of p <0.05 was used. Results: The prevalence of normal, overweight and obesity was 69%, 19% and 12%, respectively, in males, and 77%, 10% and 13%, respectively. women. The BMI of normal, overweight and obese children was 76.8%, 14.5% and 8.7%, for males and normal, 81%, 14% overweight and 5% obese. the female sex. On the other hand, the variable abdominal circumference of male schoolchildren in the urban area was classified as risk-free 53.9%, with a risk limit of 40.4% and above the limit of 5.7%, and female from the same location 57.6% without risk, 32.2% in the risk limit and 10.2% above the risk limit. In the rural area, 65.9% of the male sex presented a risk limit of 29.6% and 4.6% of the risk limit, and 68.2% of the female sex classified as risk-free, 26.3% limit of risk and 5.5% as above the risk limit. Conclusion: When analyzing body composition through BMI, and cardiac risk, it can be verified that there was no significant difference in the variables that indicate a tendency to overweight and obesity. In the variable that indicates cardiac risk there was a difference in the male and female groups, with an emphasis on increase in school children in the rural area.

This study aims to describe the predominance of cardiometabolic syndromes, overweight and obesity in a riverine population in the Brazilian municipality of Humaitá, and to assess the main risk factors for these conditions while taking into consideration the regional development that occurred in recent years. It is a longitudinal, ambidirectional, double-blind study associated with a descriptive and analytical approach of a census dated from the period between 2010 and 2017. The subjects in this study are traditional riverside residents of a semi-isolated outskirt area of Humaitá. The choice of this study population was based off data collected systematically since 2010, regarding the socioeconomic status, nutritional profile, clinical-laboratory data and anthropometric parameters. The results show that there was a statistically significant weight gain and accumulation of body fat, accompanied by an increase in blood pressure, high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, decreased levels of physical activity and impaired life quality. When comparing the results between the years of 2010 and 2017 it is possible to confirm the presence of nutritional transition.  Given the lipophilic nature of methylmercury present in the Amazonian riverine population, the human contamination by this metal was analyzed through serum and urine samples. We found a positive correlation between the percentage of body fat and serum levels of mercury (p <0.05). Although there was a decline in the population’s consumption of fish, serum mercury levels remain high in most of the locals and it’s correlated to the body fat percentage. We believe our study to be the first to bring light to the evidence that there is a statistically significant relation between obesity and levels of mercury contamination in humans. In conclusion, an increase in economic power followed by changes in the traditional lifestyle of the Amazonian riverines, such as NT and sedentary lifestyle, resulted in overweight, obesity, hypertension, fat accumulation and high serum levels of mercury correlated with the body fat percentage. The quality of life for the residents of Puruzinho Lake was affected by NCDs as well as changes in lifestyles. This included clinical signs and symptoms potentially related to hypertension, elevated levels of triglycerides, limitations of daily activities, and some dependence on electricity and in the markets.

The proposal of this study aimed to produce a synthetic indicator from the expansion of the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), considering relevant to define it as Wide Municipal Human Development Index (WMHDI). The final index of this research is the result of the agglutination of two new dimensions - the environmental and institutional ones – to the traditional MHDI, besides including other indicators to the dimensions already existing, concluding with the addition of 16 new indicators. The selection of the primary indicators was based on the desirable properties of a synthetic indicator supported in literature, as well as in local specificities, besides considering the limitations of the DHI identified on the theoretical review. The complexity of the term ‘sustainable development’ and the non consolidation of its bases produce various interpretations on what it must be measured, considered and the way of combining data. However, it is evident the preoccupation in considering the indicators which contemplate not only the economical or social dimension. The literature review contributed to the proof of evolution of the concept of development in tree stages, as well as the means used to measure it in different conjunctures, besides the identification of other similar academic publications and their criticisms toward the traditional method of calculating the HDI. Afterward, it was discussed the reason why the average was chosen as method for agglutinating indicators, and the linear scale range for standardization of the primary variables. The proposal was applied to the available data for the city of Porto Velho (RO) and, in the absence of information at this level of disaggregation, that necessity was supplied by the use of information from the State of Rondônia, obtained from the database of governmental and non-governmental organizations. The results were presented in the form of charts, tables, diagrams and graphic representations. The product of application of the proposal to the city of Porto Velho showed the position of low development with regards to sustainability. The comparison with the traditional MHDI indicator shows that when the two new dimensions are aggregated, as well as the new indicators, it results a less optimistic index, ratifying that through the low performance of the thematic indicators. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study, far from proposing the formulation of solutions or presents a panacea, aimed the possibility of contributing to the maintenance of the debate around the necessary and priority issues that need to be considered to make up a synthetic index, from the perspective of sustainability and, therefore, to be useful as subsidies to public policies at municipal ambit.