The objective of this research is to analyze the appropriation of urban territory, in this case the street, demonstrating the dominance of the automobile when compared to other types of transport in the city of Porto Velho/RO. The altered behavior of the streets in the capital of Rondônia is evident, highlighting the growth of the fleet of individual motorized vehicles, promoted by the State which has encouraged the paving of streets but has not made the same investment for people who walk and cycle, thus not guaranteeing the same opportunity
for circulation for other types of transport. It is of great importance to highlight the use and dominance of urban land use, which has led to actions that facilitate the dominance of the use of the individual vehicle as a priority, preventing the use of public space to facilitate the interaction of the population and putting people's lives at risk when moving around the city because there are no streets exclusively for walking and cycling. The dialogue proposed here seeks to highlight the inconsistencies of the urban territory, where the implementation of strong infrastructures to allow for greater comfort in car circulation is visible, while the same measures are not implemented to promote quality in pedestrian and bicycle travel, which are carried out in an unequal and precarious manner, with cases of social and spatial isolation remaining present and strengthened due to the denial of the right to participate in the city. The specific objectives are: 1) to analyze the reality of the street in terms of urban mobility, identifying the dispute over the possession of space, investigating the factors that influence the production of road space in Porto Velho/RO; 2) to show the prominence of automobile mobility to the disadvantage of walking and cycling in the city of Porto Velho/RO, showing the consequences in the urban space; 3) 3) To demonstrate the existence and resilience of people who circulate through the city on foot and by bicycle in Porto Velho/RO, confirming the benefits that this type of mobility promotes for social and spatial relations in the urban environment. Our methodology chosen for this analysis was carried out in stages:
bibliographic survey, theoretical survey, field visit, interview, analysis of urban laws, and analysis of secondary and primary information. We can affirm that urban laws regarding the division and oversight of urban projects and streets do not guarantee a fair distribution of street spaces for people who walk and cycle; on the contrary, there are street projects that prioritize quality for those who travel by car, thus generating several negative consequences for life in the city, strengthening the production of unequal space, contributing to the processes of social isolation of those who cannot afford to buy a car, and hindering their access to the use and construction of the city.

This thesis investigates the bicycle as a central mediation in the use of territory in the city of Afuá, located in the Marajó Archipelago, in the state of Pará, within the Amazonian floodplain. The research adopts historical-dialectical materialism as a methodological orientation and uses Milton Santos’ concept of used territory as a fundamental category for understanding the relationships between technique, nature, and everyday life. It assumes that Afuá can only be understood through the totality of determinations that shape its singularity: the floodplain environment and its cyclical inundations, the urbanization sustained by stilt houses and wooden walkways, the persistence of riverine practices, the selectivity of technical systems that reach the Amazon, and the ways of life that combine extractivism with corporeality-based forms of fluidity. In this context, the bicycle is not analyzed as a simple functional artifact nor as an emblem of sustainable mobility discourse, but as a technical object that reveals broader contradictions between technique and the material conditions of fluidity. The centrality of this object in Afuá does not emerge from structured urban policies, but from the historical articulation among the constraints imposed by the floodplain, the available technical systems, socio-spatial inequalities, and riverine strategies of coping with and reinventing everyday life. Thus, the bicycle simultaneously constitutes a form of adaptation and an expression of rationalities that produce specific rhythms and trajectories, often in conflict with the hegemonic logic of speed and accelerated fluidity characteristic of modernity. Methodologically, the thesis combines documentary, bibliographic, and cartographic analysis with statistical data and fieldwork. This approach requires correlating structural processes such as development policies, the expansion of motorization, and technical selectivity with the everyday practices that render the use of territory intelligible as a social construction. The bicycle structures work practices, regulates urban time, translates specific forms of sociability, and orients modes of territorial use that differ from other urban rationalities. It is argued that Afuá does not represent an idealized alternative model, but rather a form of territorial use in which natural, technical, and social fluidity is continuously reinvented through riverine life. The analysis of the bicycle, therefore, becomes a key to understanding the specificity of floodplain urbanization and, more broadly, to rethinking the relationship between technique, territory, and ways of life in the Amazon and in Brazil as a whole.

The Ituxi River is an Amazonian river that flows along Brazil's north-western border, where
intense pressure is being felt for a form of land use and occupation which, without some kind
of territorial planning, tends to advance, depleting natural resources such as water and the
forest, with all the diffuse benefits associated with these resources, to the detriment of private
interests. This PhD thesis discusses the argument that the social conflicts found in this
Amazonian frontier, whether latent or active (violent), are symptoms of a single structural
phenomenon, which is related to the dynamics of advancing economic frontiers over the
Amazon. This occurs within a logic of territorial appropriation and its conversion into
exchange value, as defined by market society. The research methodology prioritized social
observation, as well as document analysis and literature review, in addition to interviews with
individuals living in the territory encompassing the Ituxi River basin. As a result, it was
possible to gather cases of violence related to the structural phenomenon of the expansion of
the agribusiness frontier in the region, identifying the challenges faced by this peripheral area
of Brazil in breaking away from territorial relations and dynamics that are imposed in a
vertical and hierarchical manner. These dynamics express the coloniality of power in the
formulation of public policies and development projects, thereby reinforcing and reproducing
the injustices committed throughout the processes of territorial domination and appropriation
in Amazonian frontier zones.

This research aims to analyze the process of urban formation in the city of Anori and
understand how the phenomenon of globalization impacts its urbanity. In addition, it seeks to
examine the constitution of the local economy, the products and services produced and
offered in the city. In Amazonas, the discussion about urban centers and those with the
greatest economic expression is broad, whether due to their political centrality, high
agricultural productivity or cultural relevance. However, few studies address the small
Amazonian cities that developed in the shadow of these consolidated urban areas or that, due
to their location and economic condition, remain invisible. Such cities, however, are part of
the state urban network, serving as spaces where capitalism reproduces itself in an exclusive
and selective way. Focusing on the city of Anori, this paper investigates how globalization
manifests itself in Amazonian spaces and its influences on that municipality. Based on the
analysis of the process of urban formation in the city of Anori, its urban profile is discussed,
tracing the milestones that defined its territorial configuration and insertion in the globalized
world. Furthermore, the aim is to understand its economic structure. Its economic connections
with neighboring municipalities and states were also analyzed, as well as the city's urban
organization. Methodologically, the research used qualitative approaches, including the
application of electronic forms open to the general population and interviews with merchants
and high school students from a full-time school in the city. The results obtained a detailed
description of the formation process of Anori, divided into two periods: from 1956 to 2010,
characterizing it as a riverside city with strong traces of Amazonian culture; and from 2010 to
the present, a period marked by the introduction of technology from the modern world.

The general objective of this work is to analyze the construction project of the Tabajara HPP on the Machado River (Ji Parana). The specific objectives are: Investigate the socioenvironmental transformations caused by this project; Debate about the effects of this construction on the social, organizational and cultural configuration of riverside communities; Discriminate such effects in Vila Tabajara, Dois de Novembro and adjacent regions. The methodological procedure adopted was drawn up from bibliographical and documentary studies and field data collection, with the contribution of the research method called dialectical historical materialism. The text is structured into four chapters. The research stages were carried out in a systematized and contextualized manner based on the following actions: Bibliographic analysis of historical and official documents, reading of works, scientific articles, news, environmental reports, environmental studies, obtaining data, information, characteristics and opinions of residents of the area directly affected and of direct influence, with direct and indirect contact with groups, associations and mobilizers. As this is a qualitative research of an exploratory nature, we used dialectical historical materialism to compare the data obtained.

This study aims to investigate the territorial formation and urbanization process of Ariquemes,
in Rondonia, analyzing the impacts of population migration and urban infrastructure on the
configuration of urban space. The research is based on the hypothesis that the city's rapid growth
occurred in a disorderly manner due to intense migration and the lack of proper planning. How
have territorial and urban dynamics shaped Ariquemes over time? To answer this question, a
qualitative approach was adopted, based on bibliographic and documentary research, including
text analysis, cartographic map production, and image collection of the studied locations. The
results indicate that Ariquemes' urban expansion was driven by migratory flows associated with
the region's economic exploitation, particularly within the agricultural colonization context,
leading to challenges in providing basic infrastructure and public services. It was observed that
the absence of effective urban planning policies resulted in uneven growth, with areas lacking
adequate infrastructure and planning. The study highlights the need for investments in territorial
planning and public policies aimed at sustainable development, ensuring balanced urban growth
and improving the population's quality of life.

The Amazon region, rich in natural resources, attracts the interest of various countries and economic groups, which has driven the implementation of large infrastructure projects. Among them are hydroelectric plants, mining companies, gold mining, and settlement programs, among others. In the state of Para, the Tucurui Hydroelectric Plant, inaugurated in 1984 in the munic- ipality of the same name, represents a milestone in this process, ranking among the largest hydroelectric plants in Brazil and the world. However, its construction had profound socio-environmental impacts, affecting communities located both upstream and downstream of the reservoir. This dissertation discusses the socio-territorial transformations that occurred between 1984 and 2024 in the quilombola community of Vila de Pederneiras, the place of origin of the municipality of Tucurui, historically formed by black populations remaining from quilombos. The choice of the study area is justified both by its historical and ancestral relevance and by the scarcity of specific research on the impacts of the Tucurui HPP on the community, especially with regard to fishing, one of the main activities of the local population. To analyze, through social cartography, the territorial reconfigurations of the quilombola community of Vila de Pederneiras in the face of the impacts of the Tucurui Hydroelectric Plant and the strategies of re- sistance. Thus, the category of territorial analysis allows us to identify the power relations established over the village, influenced by interests that go beyond the local scale and are part of the broader context of the Amazon. The research adopts the historical-dialectical method, articulated with political ecology and critical cartography, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, including documentary research, application of questionnaires, and fieldwork. The results point to significant changes, such as a reduction in fish catches, a decline in fish sales, triggering food insecurity and risks of flooding of homes, in addition to highlighting the negligence of public authorities in response to community demands. Social cartography allowed residents to express their experiences and perceptions, actively contributing collectively to the construction of knowledge demonstrated in the research. It is concluded that the results obtained contribute to the discussion regarding the effects caused by energy expansion in the Amazon, based on government actions surrounding these hydroelectric projects.

The debate about the hydroelectric sector in Rondonia is essential to understand the expansion of hydroelectric production in the state, often promoted under the discourse of clean and renewable energy for national progress. The regulations governing the Brazilian electric sector have been reformulated with the aim of meeting investors' interests but often result in detriment to socio-environmental issues, especially in institutional areas that house traditional populations and protection zones, such as indigenous lands and conservation units. This study aims to analyze the expansion of the hydroelectric sector in Rondonia, highlighting the non-compliance with environmental legislation by entrepreneurs. The guiding concept is that of Territory, as proposed by Raffestin (1993), who understands territory as the result of multiple relations of interests and power. The methodology is based on the analysis of data from the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL, 2024), the National Water Agency (ANA, 2024), and the Socioeconomic Ecological Zoning of Rondonia (ZSEE/RO) Decree No. 5,875/2006, which established the second approximation of the ZSEE in the state, seeking to highlight the inconsistencies between hydroelectric expansion and territorial planning. The results indicate that Rondonia currently has four Hydroelectric Plants (UHEs), eighteen Small Hydroelectric Plants (PCHs), and ten Hydroelectric Generating Centers (CGHs), totaling 32 plants. Although these enterprises move a significant volume of capital and stimulate land use, especially in terms of real estate and land speculation, their location in environmentally fragile areas, such as Zone 2, is a cause for concern, given that zoning discourages occupations in these regions. Examples include the Samuel Plant, in operation in the municipality of Candeias do Jamari, and the Tabajara Plant, still in the planning phase in the municipality of Machadinho D’Oeste. Additionally, the Santo Antonio and Jirau Plants, situated in Zone 1, demonstrate proximity to Conservation Unit (UC) areas, resulting in changes to the limits of these areas and impacts such as the displacement of riverside communities and the flooding of urban areas. It is concluded that the analysis of the location of UHEs, PCHs, and CGHs in relation to the guidelines of the ZSEE of Rondonia evidences significant socio-environmental contradictions, which are fundamental for supporting territorial planning and public management. This study reinforces the need for revisions in zoning policies and greater enforcement to promote sustainable and balanced development in the Amazon.

The present study analyzes socio-spatial vulnerability in the municipalities of Porto Velho, Ji-Parana and Vilhena (RO), using data from the 2000 and 2010 censuses. The research applied factor analysis to identify the four main factors of vulnerability and the formation of Social Vulnerability Indices (IVS), in addition to mapping these vulnerabilities using a GIS environment. The results reveal persistent inequalities, with vulnerabilities concentrated in peripheral areas, lack of basic infrastructure, and low education levels. The spatial analysis shows an expansion of critical areas over the decade, indicating that despite economic growth, sectoral public policies remain insufficient, requiring integrated approaches that combine urbanization, education, and social protection to break cycles of exclusion and poverty. In Porto Velho, the factors highlight precarious housing conditions, low education levels, and insufficient infrastructure, emphasizing structural deficiencies and social exclusion. In Ji-Parana, the analysis pointed to vulnerabilities among families headed by young people and the elderly, as well as deficiencies in basic sanitation and education. In Vilhena, the results reveal poor housing conditions and low income, underscoring the need for public policies aimed at improving quality of life and reducing social inequalities. The research reinforces the need for a new paradigm of urban development in the Amazon, centered on social justice and sustainability, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals.

This research aimed to analyze the gendered social relations present in the academic and intellectual trajectory of Rosa Ester Rossini, a pioneer in gender studies within the field of Brazilian Geography. In 1988, Rossini had her livre-docencia thesis approved, entitled “Geography and Gender: women in the sugarcane farming of Sao Paulo”. At that time, the gender category was still emerging in the debates within Brazilian geographic science. The investigation was based on the understanding that gender inequalities are rooted in structures of domination culturally reproduced within the scientific field, particularly in Geography. In this context, the research was guided by the following questions: why are women still silenced today? And how does this silencing manifest in Brazilian Geography, in the society we live in, and in the Geography we produce? As a methodological approach, the study adopted feminist phenomenology based on Simone de Beauvoir. Regarding its procedures, it was characterized as exploratory research, based on bibliographic and biographical review, as well as analysis of personal archives. Two fieldworks were also conducted, along with unstructured interviews and the administration of a questionnaire. The results showed that Rosa Ester Rossini is recognized for her pioneering role in discussions on gender and rural labor. Her contributions brought visibility to rural women workers through geographic research and promoted a new perspective on the sexual division of labor and gender roles within the humanistic stream of this discipline. Thus, it is understood that geographer Rosa Ester Rossini has contributed to the history of geographical thought, particularly concerning the emergence and development of the epistemology of the gender category. However, despite all her influence and legacy, this has not been sufficient to affirm that Rossini has been fully acknowledged within geographic science. For future research, it is proposed to deepen the analysis of institutional aspects within USP (University of Sao Paulo), examining how these issues affected her and other women as researchers and professionals in the Department of Geography and the Graduate Program. Furthermore, there is an interest in exploring how these dynamics influenced the construction of a New Geography, proposed and developed by the group of students within the institutional space of the University of Sao Paulo (USP), to which she belongs.

This work proposes a reflection on the spatial, affective, and symbolic expressions of the Kaxarari Indigenous people, based on a reading of the house and the act of dwelling. From a perspective grounded in Humanistic Geography, the philosophy of Buen Vivir, and phenomenology, the research seeks to understand Indigenous senses of place beyond materialities and cartographic boundaries, considering lived space as a relational, affective, and symbolic construction. By adopting place as a central category, the study offers a decolonial and sensitive reading of Amazonian spaces. The methodology articulates the Geography of Listening, participant observation, and discursive semiotics, while also integrating briefing as a tool for analyzing communicational processes. The results reaffirm the centrality of the house as a space of intimacy and sacredness—more than a shelter, it is an extension of the body and the subject’s history, functioning as a space of interiority and cultural transmission, highlighting corporeality as a fundamental dimension in the constitution of both territory and place. Within it, daily teachings, culinary practices, and conversations that tell their stories take place. Thus, the Kaxarari house emerges as a place of resistance and cultural reclamation, where ancestral heritage dialogues with modernity. By recognizing and foregrounding ancestral narratives and knowledge, the research opens pathways for the construction of diverse geographies, committed to territorial justice and the appreciation of the original peoples of the Pan-Amazon.

This search is dedicated to a detailed analysis of the teaching of Geography in high
school in Porto Velho/RO, focusing specifically on the approach to this content in the
local context. Using a qualitative methodology and the Case Study method, based on
Yin (2001), we empirically investigated the phenomenon of geography teaching in the
state schools EEEFM Orlando Freire and EEEFM Prof. Flora Calheiros. We used
bibliographic and documentary reviews, in addition to open questionnaires applied to
Geography teachers and 3rd year high school students. The active participation of
these individuals allowed for a rich data collection and a broader understanding of the
teaching of local geography, allowing us to see how this discipline can strengthen
students' ability to become critical and active citizens in their reality. The research was
guided by the question: "How is the city of Porto Velho addressed in the high school
Geography curriculum, according to teachers and students?" The analysis revealed a
curriculum limited by the state education network and by Ordinance No. 3037 of March
31, 2022 of SEDUC/RO, which reduces the Geography workload to one weekly class
dedicated to General Geography and another to the Geography of Rondonia. This
restriction poses challenges for teachers, making it difficult to provide an in-depth and
practical approach to the specific content of Porto Velho.

This thesis focuses on understanding the conceptions of space of indigenous
peoples, with their possible proposals for the notion of territory in geographic language.
Such propositions are identified from the perspective of indigenous leaders, authors and
authors in Brazil, especially the Yanomami (RR) and Kaxarari (RO) people. The research
falls within the concentration area of the Postgraduate Program in Geography at the

Federal University of Rondonia (UNIR) entitled: Environment and Territory in the Pan-
Amazon, research line: Territory and Society in the Pan-Amazon. The speech of the

indigenous leader, Davi Kopenawa Yanomami: “The forest is intelligent, it has a
thought”, from an ontological perspective, published in the book A Queda do Ceu (2015),
allows us to open a debate to understand worldviews and the Bem Viver, generating
tension in the conceptions of territory as a geographical category. The study uses
indigenous shamanic ontology as its methodology, that allows us to access the cosmology
and relational aspects of these peoples with nature. The procedural methods are content
analysis of books, theses, dissertations, articles by indigenous authors, as well as
interviews with indigenous leaders. Our proposition is that the immanent relationship
between two variables, ontology and environmental knowledge, is demonstrated in
indigenous authorial works and in the collected narratives, since, in times of
environmental crises and threats to indigenous territories, there is an interest in this
communication with the world of non-indigenous people. Secondly, the thesis seeks to
demonstrate that the biointeractive relationship between Amerindian populations and the
forest allows us to see a possible geography of indigenous spatial epistemes that have in
their genesis the ontology of autochthonous peoples. In this sense, the thesis called
“Indigenous ontological geography: cosmovisions and paths to Good Living”, considers
that, for indigenous peoples, nature is full of spirits, immaterial beings who are the true
owners of territoriality, spatiality that must be considered by society as demarcated and
approved territory but, above all, that must be better understood in its ontological genesis,

a decisive phenomenon for the maintenance of life in the territory. Complain about it,
therefore, that the national state perceives the narratives of indigenous peoples with their
conceptualizations about the notion of territory, going beyond the Western conceptual
simplification of the term's economic or political bias. When considering the
interdependence of three dimensions that possibly generate indigenous well-being: the
environmental, the cosmological and the biopsychosocial cultural, what can be seen on
the horizon are the geographies of the indigenous world.

Recent studies suggest the existence of geostatistical relationships between COVID-19 cases
and deaths with environmental and socioeconomic variables. These studies are primarily
focused on North America, Europe, and Asia, with fewer investigations in South America,
which motivated this research to consider the specificities of the Amazon region. This study
aimed to understand the spatial relationship between COVID-19 cases and deaths and
environmental and socioeconomic variables in the state of Rondonia from 2020 to 2023. The
software used included ArcGIS, QGIS, GeoDa, and R. Statistical tests involved the application
of the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression test, Moran's spatial autocorrelation analysis,
and the implementation of DLNM (Distributed Lag Non-linear Models). The results confirm
that the COVID-19 pandemic in Rondonia during 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 occurred
randomly, without a specific pattern of disease distribution in the state. OLS geostatistical
analyses point to a positive relationship between the socioeconomic variables (Average Salary;
Municipal GDP per capita; Occupied Population; Population served with water supply and
sewage supply) and the rate of Covid-19 cases. However, the correlation coefficient (R2) varied
between 0.08 and 0.18, indicating a low relationship. The Relative Risk (RR) for Covid-19
cases and deaths considering the air pollution variables (Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, Nitrogen

Dioxide and Sulphur Dioxide) varied for the three municipalities analyzed, Porto velho, Ji-
Parana and Vilhena, with most pollutants presenting a risk at higher concentrations. The

analyses also point to the influence of wind speed, atmospheric pressure, temperature, rainfall
and relative humidity on Covid-19 cases and deaths in the municipalities of Porto Velho,
Vilhena and Cacoal. In this context, the findings confirm the hypothesis proposed in this
research, indicating that environmental and socioeconomic variables contributed to a higher
number of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the state of Rondonia from 2020 to 2023.

Microplastics are synthetic plastic particles smaller than 5 mm in length. Due to their size,
resistance to weathering, and presence in different biomes, they have become a growing
concern. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between
microplastics, meteorological variables (wind, rain, air temperature, and relative humidity), and
local characteristics, as well as to examine the presence, concentration, and typology of these
precipitated particles in two areas of the Brazilian Amazon: Porto Velho-RO and the Jaru
Biological Reserve-RO. In this context, eight sampling campaigns were conducted at 15-day
intervals from 2022 to 2023. This time frame was chosen to cover both the rainy and dry
seasons. During the collections, two Ville de Paris rain gauges were used to capture rainwater
samples. Additionally, microplastics were quantified and characterized according to their
shape, chemical composition, and color. The results showed average concentrations of 4
particles/m2/day in Porto Velho and 1 particle/m2/day in the Jaru Biological Reserve, with no
statistically significant difference (Mann-Whitney test, p-value = 0.2873), suggesting that the
sources of these particles are regional. The polymer composition varied between the sites:
chlorinated polyethylene (59%) and crosslinked sulfonated polystyrene (35%) predominated in
Porto Velho, while nylon (80%) was the main polymer in the Jaru Biological Reserve. The
particles in Porto Velho were larger (54 μm for fragments and 156 μm for fibers) compared to
those in the Jaru Biological Reserve (25 μm for fragments and 35 μm for fibers), reflecting the
influence of local sources and anthropogenic activities in the urban area. The analysis of
meteorological variables revealed distinct patterns. In the Jaru Biological Reserve, relative
humidity, wind speed, and precipitation showed strong negative correlations with microplastic
concentrations (rs = -0.76, -0.80, and -0.80, respectively), indicating that these factors acted as
removal mechanisms for particles from the atmosphere. In Porto Velho, only relative humidity
showed a strong negative correlation (rs = -0.85), while wind speed showed a moderate positive
correlation (rs = 0.41), suggesting that winds acted as vectors for the resuspension and transport
of microplastics from local sources. Seasonality also influenced concentrations, with higher
values during the dry season at both sites. In Porto Velho, the total concentration was 21
particles/m2/day during the dry season, decreasing to 7 particles/m2/day during the rainy season.
In the Jaru Biological Reserve, no particles were detected during the rainy period, while the
total concentration during the dry season was 8 particles/m2/day. This pattern can be attributed
to reduced precipitation and increased temperatures during the dry season, which favored the
retention and resuspension of particles in the atmosphere. The analysis of atmospheric
circulation, wind direction, and the HYSPLIT model product did not reveal a clear and
consistent relationship between air masses and microplastic concentrations. Therefore, although
anthropogenic activity and land use and cover are relevant factors, they are not the sole
determinants in the distribution of these pollutants, indicating the influence of other
mechanisms that are not yet understood.

Xyeni satu kamrustshi mkamhakanatanru pakata nasruklewakanaxinri piraana
nunkakletanu, hixo hasruklewlu Nova Uniao pokstshi hakri hapha hawakate - Hakri
tshijnempsojite (BR). Waleni satu kamrurtshi halikaka hwastshri, hixo potuklu hetkaluru
hwastshri, ha himyekaklewatatshrikaka, mitshikawni wutsrukatenni manxineru
hwajekanaxyawaka. Mitshikawni hixjenanaxikowaka potuko pixka rixa, hixa manxineru
hiwekle potuko, wane nkamhiylu satu chinikantshi himatkaltshi payrine hchinikanu -
yma halikaka potuko. Njuhalu payrine hixannu, nyonaxyawaklu satu wuknohjerutka
wyinuwaka ptowruhixantshi wasrujikowakatka, wekhixyawaklu xye hohne wetltru tshiji
pirana hethaxikolu. Satu chinikantshi halikakalutu potu hwatshri waleni, halikaka rawa
hixo chinikantshi ho himatkalnutshi: Waleni sato kasruklewaklero poktshi hwiywaka,
numukata hinkakletle xyawakaplu xye hwatshri pirana, numukata hinkakletlexyawakaplu
wane hwatshri yine hixannu ha mitshikawni wutsrukateni hixannu ho himatkale.
Wyinuwaka payrine hapyehre xinitkawu wanekni payri hchinikanu pixka hixletanatka.
Wane pnuthohne payrine hixannu potu ralukna womkahixyawakatka ha wanna
hchinikanu hiyrunu wanna himatkale ha wale potu kihle wixahotanatka wale
chinikantshikni wujchijyalu wutsrukateni himatkale, hanu rixa kamhakota, wane satu
kamrurtshi nkanhiya pahohnekaka kamhakaluru. Pa yetshnhokaka nkamhalu hike nma
napaluchaxyawakaya, psotsonkaka rixa hiweklexyawakna ha rixa kamrurewlexyawakna
rawyawakaya manxinerune hixannu. Satu chinikantshi kamhatshine rimatjemikowakapa
wane hixatshri pirana: wannani Yaku Perez Guartambel, Davi Kopenawa, Daniel Ibere,
Almeida Silva, Albuquerque Jr. Esther Camac e Morais. Xye Chinikantshi halikakalutu
pamyo - mta hyonatka. Mitshikananu pirana yonatkaluru waleni hanu rixa kamhakotka
ho hyinuwajikolu pirana yonaxikolu. Hepi rixinri ritaka hiwakaxikowaka mitshikananu
chinikantshikaka rimaxikowakatka hanu rixa himatkota tshiji pirana hethalu kajituneya
hocha hwikowakaya. Mapa rixinri pirana rimaxikowaka Manxinerune pirana Hinkakle.
Jepireru mkoje rixinri pirana poktshiya hkochtshexixa ha hanu rixa hasrukkotanna
kajitune wale pirana, klu chinikantshi runkakletanna kajitune. Ha hmahle pirana
rixyawaka rixannu piranyehi hitspajikowaka (Batnugapo), rekhitlu rixa hoxikowaka tshiji
pirana hathalu kajituneya. Wane rixa himatkota manxineruneya, waleni Honha Pirana
(Hidrografia), Hocha hwikowaka (Meio Ambiente), Rimaxikolu hipapko
(Meteorologicos), Kajpa (Solos, barro ou barrenta), Samentshi (espirito, espiritualidade,
alma), tshiji pirana hethalu manxineruneya, Poespohajiru (Sanango) Hiyrunu suxo
Manxineru Himatkale, tshiji piranaya hijhakaluru potni kajituneya. Xye pirana hi
runkakletachatka seyni halikaka hmixkotlu pnute rimaxikowakapa hiyrunu
hkamhikowkapa xye himatkaltshikaka. Rimaxikowakatka manxineru hchinikanu
halikakalutu hijhakaluru rixyawakaya. Xye pirana kamhatshro tpohiwkaklu kajitune
himatkale hchinikanu Hocha sretaya hiyrunu pnumnu rixyawakaya kajitune hachinikanu
himatkaltshiyma.

The Amazon has been undergoing constant processes of use, occupation, deforestation and changes in land use and coverage between 1960 and 2022. This process is associated with territorial policies, which are still in place today (2025). These policies are linked to government programs for the implementation of infrastructure, colonization projects, agricultural/agro-mineral projects and, more recently, in an expanded manner, to the installation of hydroelectric plants and waterways, among many others. All these expressions of territorial policies mobilize the advance and displacement of the frontier (understood in this work as the relationship between the displacement of multiple capitalist relations of production in geographic space) over the period from 1960 to 2022. Thus, the Legal Amazon is the spatial focus of the research, and the temporal focus encompasses the years from 1960 to 2022. The thesis defended is that the mobility of the frontier in the Amazon has continuous but intensified temporalities and spatialities, with the temporal-spatialities of settlement and agriculture, as well as the consolidation of settlement and the agro-mining-energy infrastructure (infrastructure, agriculture, mining and energy), being the three most important macro-dimensions of territorial use, shaping the expansion, displacement and mobility of deforestation in the Legal Amazon. To analyze the mobility of the border and its temporal-spatiality in the Legal Amazon, in order to understand how territorial macro-policies materialize in deforestation in the Amazon, seeking to understand how the territorial macro-policies of migratory actions, infrastructure, agriculture and mining; occupational consolidation and socio-environmental actions, and to put an end to the territorial infra/mineral/agro/energy articulation have repercussions on deforestation in the Legal Amazon. To understand the mobility of the border and its temporal-spatiality in the Legal Amazon, the theoretical and analytical foundation developed in the research work is based on geographic science, whose approach has the territory as a category of analysis, added to the conceptual discussions of multidimensionality of the use of territory, territorial policies and advance/displacement of the border. The research methodology was composed of three operational phases, the first concerns the understanding and discussion of the theory and concepts carried out within the scope of the research work. The second phase is associated with data collection and documentary research used to understand the displacement of the frontier, its spatialities and uses of the territory in the Amazon. Finally, the last phase involves the systematization and analysis of the data in light of geographic theory, demonstrating cartographically the temporal-spatiality of the frontier and its repercussions on the advance of deforestation in the legal Amazon. The displacement of the frontier in the Amazon, analyzed in the work in three continuous periods, left a large extension of deforestation in the Amazon materialized, cartographically verified between 1986 and 2020, also marked by a growing replacement of forests in areas under agricultural, urban, mineral and other land uses. In the current period (2022), there is a demographic and economic occupation of the Amazon, beyond the so-called “deforestation arc” or “population arc”, expanding into other regions of the Amazon, in many cases conflicting with land use planning, such as Conservation Units and Indigenous Territories. The displacement of the frontier in the Amazon has resulted in a large extension of deforestation, and of course a large replacement of forest areas with areas for agricultural, urban, mineral and other land uses, which have been converted by various territorial policies, manifested in the displacement of the frontier, characterizing a demographic and economic occupation of the frontier beyond the deforestation arc or even the settlement arc.

The increasing production and disposal of synthetic polymers have intensified diffuse pollution in aquatic ecosystems, making microplastics (MPs) widespread and persistent emerging contaminants. This postdoctoral research investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of MPs and their ecological interactions with aquatic bioindicator organisms—zooplankton, cyanobacteria, and free-living ciliated protozoa—in freshwater bodies of the Eastern Mesoregion of Rondonia, Brazil. The study encompassed urban streams, aquaculture effluents, and protected watercourses across four municipalities: Ji-Parana, Rolim de Moura, Ouro Preto do Oeste, and Urupa. The methodological design consisted of a fully randomized factorial structure (3 environments × 2 hydrological seasons), with triplicate sampling and standardized procedures based on NOAA protocols. MPs were extracted from 500 mL water samples using 6.0 mm mesh sieves, morphologically and chromatically classified, and quantified with a Neubauer counting chamber. Zooplankton and protozoa were identified using binocular optical microscopy (400x) and digital stereoscopy, supported by photomicrography and image analysis software. Organism densities were expressed in individuals per mL (Ind.mL⁻¹), and data were analyzed using Student’s ttest and the Scott-Knott grouping method. Results showed ubiquitous presence of MPs in all sampled environments, with the highest concentrations observed in urban and aquaculture sites. Transparent fibers were the predominant morphology, suggesting secondary origin through environmental degradation of plastic waste. Zooplankton communities were rich and diverse, with Rotifera, Copepoda, and Ostracoda as the most abundant taxa, especially in aquaculture effluents. Cyanobacteria density increased significantly during the rainy season, indicating hydrological influence on phytoplankton dynamics. Free-living ciliates, notably Spirostomum teres, Paramecium bursaria, and Halteria grandinella, were more abundant in the dry season, showing sensitivity to organic matter concentration and oxygen variation. The observed replacement of sensitive taxa by more tolerant species in impacted environments revealed an ecological degradation pattern, where MPs serve as modulators of aquatic microbial communities. These microorganisms proved to be effective bioindicators of water quality variation and ecological integrity loss. The integrated geosystemic approach allowed the identification of territorial dynamics—such as land-use intensification, urbanization, and aquaculture practices—as key drivers of MP pollution and microbial biodiversity shifts. In conclusion, MPs not only function as spatial markers of anthropogenic alteration but also impact fundamental ecological processes in freshwater systems. This research underscores the importance of incorporating ecological variables into environmental cartography and territorial planning, particularly in tropical regions, where MPs should be considered key indicators of environmental degradation at microecological scales.

This study examines the spatial and territorial dynamics of femicides in Rondônia. The aim is
to analyze how women who have survived lethal violence understand and express, through
their bodies and life territories, the spatial and territorial dynamics of the violence they have
suffered as women, including their affective, family, and institutional relationships, based on
a critical and decolonial approach. Femicides are understood from this decolonial perspective,
considering the female body-territory context. From this viewpoint, it is identified how
women who are victims of suicide attempts, femicide attempts, and mothers of direct victims
comprehend and narrate the violence experienced in their bodies and life spaces, analyzing
the meanings they attribute to their experiences. In this line of investigation, the discourses of
men imprisoned for femicide and penitentiary agents are interpreted to understand the
symbolic, affective, and territorial patterns associated with the crime. The goal is to establish
relationships between women's narratives and institutional discourses about violence, aiming
to build public policy proposals sensitive to lived experiences, based on listening and
analyzing emerging categories. At this point, the thesis deepens the analysis of affective
relationships that often mask the violence preceding femicide, composing the "continuum" of
violence that precedes and culminates in the crime. Thus, it correlates the role of Brazilian
laws that seek to protect women and ensure human rights, highlighting how the absence of the
State perpetuates gender-based violence, leaving women vulnerable in the face of inadequate
security. By conducting interviews with surviving victims, subjective perceptions are revealed
that help build a detailed narrative about the characteristics and motivations of these crimes.
The methodology adopted integrates phenomenology, inspired by Edith Stein's empathic
studies. This qualitative research gathers primary data through interviews, questionnaires, oral
histories, and the creation of mental maps, as well as secondary data from documentary and
bibliographic research. The use of collective subject discourse and participatory observation
allowed capturing nuances of individual and collective experiences. The analysis of content,
discourse, and body-territory reveals that femicide results from a violent patriarchal model
that is the common outcome of gender violence in a society still marked by the “cursed
legacy” of colonialism. The investigation shows that Brazilian legislation remains unable to
contain the practice of this crime due to structural problems and lack of resources. The study
also reveals the resilience of female body-territories, which, even as targets of violence,
persist as spaces of resistance. By exploring the geography of femicide, this thesis contributes
to resignifying women's lived space and supports the construction of geographic knowledge
that can underpin concrete actions of protection and prevention, proposing that territorial and
social justice walk together to reverse the contemporary landscape of gender violence.

Brazil is a cradle of countless religions, whether Christian or non-Christian. Especially in the Amazon, several religions of African origin are concentrated, among them, Tambor de Mina. This Thesis investigates the process of territorialization of Tambor de Mina in the Amazon, through the legacy of mothers of saints, taking as a spatial focus four cities in the Northern Region of Brazil: Belem, Porto Velho, Monte Alegre, Alenquer and Santarem. In the field of Afro-Brazilian religions, we have a vast literature on the Tambor de Mina in Maranhao, especially by the research couple Maria Mundicarmo Ferretti and Sergio Ferretti, however, there is little record of this religion in the North of the country. It is also recorded in the literature that Tambor de Mina was founded, in Brazil, by women, mothers of saints, coming from the African Continent, thus justifying one of the great pillars of this thesis, which is understanding the legacy and contribution of women mothers of saints for the constitution of this religion, how it was carried out and how religious practices currently operate in the North Region and the Brazilian Amazon. For this investigation, we will use the geographic category Place to understand the construction of territorialities referring to the religious practice of Tambor de Mina in the Brazilian Amazon. This identification is marked by the Afro-Amazonian diaspora, from the region of Benin, former Kingdom of Dahomey, in Africa, which is territorialized in Maranhao - the first birthplace of Tambor de Mina in Brazil - and re-territorialized in Para, expanding to several cities of the Brazilian Amazon. It is the place category that leads us to understand how the conquest of these sacred territories happened and how religious practices were reorganized in terms of relationships with space, detailing the specificities of these practices in each terreiro/casa de santo in the cities where we researched. To construct this thesis, we relied on the thoughts of Merleau-Ponty (1999) to understand which phenomenological theory we follow; to the geographers Bachelard (1996), Dardel (2011), Tuan (2013), to the anti-colonial, progressive and anti-racist thoughts of Cardoso (2014), Akotinene (2019), Amador (2012), Gonzales (2020), Ratts (2019, 2020 ), Nascimento (2016), Hall (2003), and research relating to the Tambor de Mina religion (Ferreti (2009), Prandi (1997, 2005, 2011), Vergolino (2020), Tavernard (2017), among others.

La investigación titulada "Violencia doméstica contra las mujeres: desde una perspectiva geográfica y los diferentes aspectos de la violencia femenina en diferentes espacios", busca analizar, de manera integral y geográfica, los desafíos enfrentados en la lucha contra la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres. El problema de investigación consiste en analizar la violencia contra las mujeres desde una perspectiva geográfica, teniendo en cuenta la diversidad de contextos en los que se produce, identificando los aspectos que influyen en la incidencia e intensificación de la violencia doméstica, como las condiciones socioeconómicas, el acceso a los recursos, la escolaridad, las características geográficas específicas y las políticas locales. Además, esta investigación aspira a proporcionar información esencial para las políticas públicas y las iniciativas de intervención destinadas a proteger y apoyar a las víctimas, con el objetivo de construir comunidades más seguras y equitativas. Se considera que ha habido avances en la lucha contra la violencia contra la mujer, sin embargo, queda mucho por hacer, incluso en el ámbito de la educación. La obtención de datos estadísticos fue posible gracias a la realización de análisis documentales en sitios web oficiales, organismos públicos, colaboradores como el subcomandante y capitán de la PM Nogueira de la 6ª BPM/GM, en colaboración con la Patrulla Maria da Penha, Delegada de la Comisaría Especializada de Atención a la Mujer - DEAM. El estado de Rondônia ocupa el segundo lugar en el escenario nacional en incidencia de casos de feminicidio, y el 4º en delitos de género también son más altos en los estados de la Amazonía Legal que en el resto de Brasil. Además, la alta incidencia de estos delitos puede generar un ambiente de preocupación e inseguridad, impactando directamente en la calidad de vida de las mujeres que viven en el Estado de Rondônia. investigación se solidificó a través del método fenomenológico, a partir de referencias que fueron importantes en el desarrollo. La categoría geográfica utilizada como análisis fue la ubicación de la investigación, a través de la investigación se buscó analizar y comprender las interacciones que ocurren, explorando las diferentes dimensiones y fenómenos que caracterizan la complejidad de este espacio. La exposición de los conceptos geográficos se llevó a cabo de manera esclarecedora y accesible, proporcionando una comprensión clara y completa. A lo largo del proceso de desarrollo de la investigación, varios autores fueron identificados e incorporados como referentes pertinentes, fortaleciendo la fundamentación teórica, por ejemplo, Maria Madalena Lemes Mendes Moreira, Heleieth Saffioti, Ana Carla Taborga Silva, Judith Butler, Maria das Graças Silva Nascimento Silva, Tainá Trindade Pinheiro, Danúbia Zanotelli Soares, Mayã Polo de Campos. En síntesis, se lograron los objetivos propuestos, revelando, sin embargo, que los hombres siguen sometidos a la lógica sexista y patriarcal.

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The purpose of this research was to investigate how space influences the poetics and narratives of women artists, highlighting gender relations in the spatial context. Through the concept of space addressed by Doreen Massey, who describes it as a surface of trajectories and possibilities from a social and contemporary perspective, the research seeks to understand the intersection between art and geography. Using the phenomenological method, inspired by Gaston Bachelard's reflections on the phenomenology of the imagination, the research looks at how the artists' experiences and interactions in space inspire their own production. Phenomenology is fundamental here, as it allows for a poetic and imaginative reading of space, highlighting the relationship between the subject and the environment. Bachelard considers poetry to be a direct product of the soul and heart, and this perspective is applied to art, seen as a profound expression of the artist's soul. The research also considers gender as a determining factor in the artists' spatial experiences and poetics. Five artists were selected, each with their own language, to analyze how geographical space manifests itself in different forms of expression. This demonstrates the breadth of the connections between art and geography, but also defines the limits of this study. Thus, the research explores how the artists' space, genre and region of residence influence their poetics and inspirations. By focusing on northern art, the research sets out to better understand the spatial context and its contributions to art.

This work aims to analyze the spatial adaptations, caused between 2007 and 2020, obeying an interval of 4 years, in the surroundings of Porto Velho Shopping. Thus, it seeks to understand the process of spatial reconfiguration from the implementation of commercial enterprises in already extended spaces and also to identify the filling of empty spaces, through Geoprocessing, within a radius of 2 km in diameter around Porto Velho Shopping, in the software Free QGIS. To achieve the proposed objectives, a research was elaborated whose approach is qualitative with explanatory and descriptive typology. The level of limitation of the space studied, a radius of 1km will be created around the enterprise, being the main function of this tool, the materialization of phenomena near and far from the studied object. The images from the Spot and Sentinel 2 satellites served as a subsidy to verify the spatial modifications caused in space though from the years 2007 to 2020. Therefore, what can be observed was that the construction of the enterprise in the capital of the state of Rondonia produced new space consumption and circulation. Attracting new ventures, residents and profit to the capital of Rondonia.

This work is the result of concerns about the socio-spatial development of the city of Tefe,
having as its central focus the recent urbanization process in the Colonia Ventura neighborhood.
The objective of this work was to analyze the urbanization process and socio-spatial segregation
in the Colonia Ventura neighborhood in the city of Tefe. In this interpretative analysis, the time
frame was based on the years 1991-2023, a period in which the process of occupation and urban
expansion of the Colonia Ventura neighborhood occurred, and the historical milestones of a
conflictual occupation. The object of study is the organization and socio-spatial structure of the
neighborhood, since it is marked by a history of struggle and resistance waged by those who
once needed to occupy it to live. It is in this context that we problematize the organization and
socio-spatial structure of the research area, which we propose to study the following problem:
how did the urbanization process of the Colonia Ventura neighborhood occur and what factors
promote its socio-spatial segregation? The methodological level of this dissertation is based on
a historical-critical-dialectic contextualization, as the phenomena resulting from human
practices are products of historical dimensions that were capable of causing transformations in
society. This is an exploratory and descriptive research, therefore, the work brings a qualitative
approach, as past and present urban productions about the place allowed us to carry out a critical
and reflective analysis of this latent urbanization that privileges some and oppresses others.
Thus, the research was divided into three stages, namely: bibliographic/documentary survey of
existing productions, observation and field practice, serving as means of geographic
investigation.

The aim of this research, which is part of the Territory and Society in the Pan-Amazon region, is to understand the territorialities and spatialities of women artisans based on labor relations and their resistance strategies in the municipality of Santarem, in the west of the state of Para, in the eastern Amazon. The methodological procedures involve qualitative research, using a phenomenological method with a feminist approach, based on the life stories of the craftswomen, in an activity carried out during fieldwork. The struggle and mobilization of the various women's groups in the municipality began in the 1980s, with the creation of the Association of Working Women of the Lower Amazon. However, when looking for references to the participation of women in the production of the Santarene space, one can see that it has been erased, which shows the need to echo the voices of the various women's groups. “How do women's work relations, autonomy and protagonism take place in the Tapajos Handicrafts Center and the Tourist River Terminal, and how do they constitute the territorialities of the women artisans of Santarem, in the context of the Brazilian Amazon, in the west of the state of Para?”. The research seeks to highlight the role of craft workers in the labor market, as evidenced here by the Tapajos Crafts Center and the Tourist River Terminal, which is important and necessary for increasing the visibility of women's groups and their spatialities in the city of Santarem. This was followed by fieldwork using semi-structured interviews, a field diary, photographs and cartographic production. It is therefore hoped that Geography and gender in the context of the Brazilian Amazon will make visible the history of groups of women craft workers and so many others who have contributed to the process of producing space in the city of Santarem-PA.

In the Legal Amazon region, rich in biodiversity and culture, complex socioeconomic issues and territorial policies intertwine, which are fundamental to environmental conservation and economic development. In this context, the study's general objective is to demonstrate areas of conflict, divergence and tension in hydroelectric plants (planned and operational) and protected areas (Conservation Units and Indigenous Lands).

The arrival of Portuguese colonizers in the New World led to many conflicts between Europeans and
the indigenous peoples of Brazil, characterized by aggressive, predatory, and exploitative domination.
In this context, Brazilian history is marked by heated discussions regarding the rights of these peoples,
especially with respect to dignity, political rights, land rights, freedom of movement, religious worship,
and the right to be indigenous. Despite the constant discussion about preserving the cultural identity of
Brazilian indigenous peoples, some Christian religions have always managed to gain access to these
communities, leading to the characteristic erasure of traditional religious expression, the demonization
of their deities, the delegitimization of the role of the shaman, and the annulment of their ancestral
traditions. Some missionaries, both Catholic and Protestant, have worked and continue to work in the
vicinity of indigenous communities in Fontanillas. Therefore, this dissertation aims to understand the
transformations in the spatiality and territoriality of the Rikbaktsa ethnicity in the District of Fontanillas,
Juina - MT. The methodology will be based on the bibliographic method (Gil, 2002), which will start from
the analysis of academic contributions published on this indigenous community, along with the oral
history method (Meihy, 2006), in which testimonies will be collected through interviews to understand
the impressions of the Rikbaktsa, mainly regarding the Christian influence on their living space, which
is the main problem of this research. Throughout the research, the concepts of territorialization,
territoriality, spatiality, sacred space, and proselytism will be addressed. The theoretical framework will
be based on authors such as Haesbaert, Tuan, Gil Filho, and Almeida Silva. In a way, the Rikbaktsa
perceive both negative and positive influences of Christianity on their culture, especially in the loss of
their most primordial characteristics, such as the erasure of their religious symbols and the lack of
awareness among younger generations regarding sacred spaces.

This study investigates the changes in the geomorphological dynamics of the Madeira River in the stretch that runs through the municipality of Manicore-AM, between 1985 and 2023, and their impacts on the river environment and riverside communities. The main hypothesis suggests that climate change, by altering the rainfall regime, influenced the volume and intensity of the river's floods and ebbs. The general objective is to analyze these geomorphological changes and their consequences for riverside urban areas. The research was divided into three objectives: (1) to identify and map the geomorphological modifications of the Madeira River; (2) to analyze the region's flow and precipitation cycles; and (3) to identify and characterize the impacted riverside urban areas. Using ArcGIS, the physical aspects of the area, such as geology, geomorphology, and soils, were mapped. Remote sensing with images from the Landsat 5 (TM) and Landsat 8 (OLI) satellites was used to document changes in the riverbed and banks between 1986 and 2023. The images were acquired by the EarthExplorer platform (USGS) and by INPE, and processed with software such as ArcGIS, QGIS and ENVI. For the second objective, flow and precipitation data were obtained from ANA, referring to stations 15700000 and 561001 in Manicore, and 1065002 in Guajara-Mirim. This information allowed the identification of seasonal fluctuations and their impacts on the dynamics of the river waters, revealing an increase in extreme variations in flow, with more intense floods and more severe periods of drought, especially since the last two decades. For the third objective, mapping of riverside communities was carried out with QGIS and complemented by fieldwork, recording photographs and geographic coordinates. The social characterization included informal conversations with residents to understand their family structure, sources of income (mainly fishing and agriculture), access to services such as health and education, and the difficulties faced due to changes in the river regime. The results show that the geomorphological changes were caused by both natural and human factors. The interaction between climate, geology, geomorphology, and soils increased the vulnerability of the area to erosion, riverbank collapse, and sediment displacement. In addition, riverside communities were severely impacted. More frequent and intense floods and droughts led to the loss of homes, agricultural land, and economic hardship, forcing many to migrate or adapt their subsistence activities. The geosystemic approach was used, based on authors such as Bertrand (1972), Sotchava (1976), and Tricart (1977). The study highlights the need for effective territorial planning and sustainable management of natural resources to mitigate impacts on local communities and the environment. Adaptive strategies, such as building flood-resilient infrastructure and proper soil management, are essential to ensure the sustainable use of water resources and the safety of riverside communities.

The quest to understand how community bonds are (re)established in the new urban spatialities of Rio Branco arises through empirical questioning, given the significance of the large-scale social project "Cidade do Povo" in the city of Rio Branco, the capital of the state of Acre. The central question revolves around how the population directly involved develops a sense of belonging or non-belonging to the new locations through lived territorial direction. This approach to urban issues aligns with the history of the geographical discipline, encompassing the study of populations, their ways of life, identities, cultures, social, economic, and political factors. However, when we delve into individuals' subjectivities, a new perception emerges, requiring a multidisciplinary perspective that involves other areas of knowledge to support the analysis of these emerging phenomena. As the primary research line, the phenomenological method was adopted with an openness to the subject itself, through Edith Stein's empathic approach, which seeks to understand the transcendence between the self and the other. Regarding methodology, various techniques were employed, including participatory research, the administration of socio-economic questionnaires, interviews, the creation of individual and collective mental maps, conducting discussion groups and focus groups, as well as bibliographical research, documentary analysis, and fieldwork with diary and photographic recording techniques. It is important to emphasize that this research transcends the boundaries of geography and engages directly with philosophy, psychology, sociology, and other disciplines, with the aim of exploring the transformations in the urban spatial configuration of Rio Branco through community experiences in the "Cidade do Povo" project and the transience of territorial markers. Theoretical frameworks from scholars such as Dardel (2011), Stein (2002a; 2002b; 2002c; 2003; 2018), Almeida Silva (2010), Ales Bello (2000; 2006; 2014), Relph (1976), Tuan (2012), and others play a crucial role in providing a solid foundation for this research, which seeks to deepen our understanding of space as an expanding horizon, observed by humans as they explore the world and its phenomena, revealing new perceptions and understandings. This study highlights those humans, have the ability to reflect on themselves and comprehend their relationship and belonging to a social group, enabling them to develop as individuals and (re)establish their territorial markers.

Native peoples, from the beginning, have a strong relationship with nature, which is why they feel like a part of it and it is a part of them. That's why the relationship is sacred like a mother. Nature always offers important and indispensable elements for its survival, such as: hunting, fishing, fruits, honey, sacred medicines to cure illnesses, raw materials for making its arts, clean waters from rivers and streams. To drink, bathe and prepare food that strengthen the organizational, social and cultural life of the people. The present work aims to carry out research with the Paiterey people of the Sete de Setembro Indigenous Land to understand how the construction of the Paiter Suruí world through the knowledge and wisdom they have about nature that allow accessibility to their representative and symbolic marks. for its territoriality. The knowledge that the Paiter have about the forest has always been passed down from generation to generation through elders and cultural experts who are the great teachers of the people's traditional and ancestral knowledge. They have always lived for thousands of years, long before contact with colonization, autonomously and independently with their own way of understanding the world according to their culture. And today, how is this knowledge of nature with this process of struggle, of defending the guarantee of rights to territory, culture, health, education and the environment to guarantee the best quality of life for future Paiter Suruí generations.

Energy exclusion is a significant problem in Brazil, especially in peripheral regions such as the Amazon, where unequal access to electricity exacerbates socioeconomic disparities. Roraima, the only state not connected to the National Interconnected System (SIN), faces unique challenges in energy distribution and generation, highlighting the deficiencies of the Brazilian Macro-System for Generation, Transmission, and Distribution (GTD). This thesis investigated how the dominant energy management model in Brazil contributes to electrical exclusion in remote and sparsely populated areas. The central thesis argues that the Brazilian electrical macro-system, by concentrating investments and infrastructure in urban and economically viable regions, marginalizes states like Roraima, perpetuating electrical exclusion and hindering regional development. The aim was to analyze the logic and strategies of the Brazilian Technical Macro-System for Generation, Transmission, and Distribution (MST-GTD) of electricity, which implicates the contemporary socio-spatial organization of Brazil, emphasizing the incorporation of the Amazon region with a focus on the specificities of Roraima. The methodology employed is divided into four phases: literature review, documentary research, primary data collection through interviews, and thematic mapping. The results highlight that the MST-GTD of electricity serves corporate and metropolitan interests, even though it has a public bias. Its integration acts as a drain, directing resources to major energy consumption centers and large companies. The energy scenario in Roraima is complex, and its solution is not seen in the short term. For about two decades, the state was supplied energetically through the agreement between Brazil and Venezuela via the Guri Transmission Line. With the termination of the contract, all the state’s diesel power plants were reactivated, and only after the emergency auction in 2019 did Roraima’s electric system, in addition to diesel, start to be supplied by other sources such as palm oil biodiesel, biomass, natural gas, and photovoltaic solar energy, with increased use of energy generated by the Jatapu Small Hydroelectric Power Plant. Other generation matrices are under analysis, such as the Bem Querer J1A Hydroelectric Plant, but the main strategy touted as a solution to Roraima’s energy issue is the construction of the transmission line in the Amazonas-Roraima segment, which will allow interconnection with the National Interconnected System. However, this project has been stalled for over a decade. The main factors cited are the lack of prior consultation with the Waimiri-Atroari peoples, as the line will cross their lands; political obstacles; legal and social issues. Additionally, photovoltaic energy is highlighted as an alternative and shows an increase in production and consumption by residential, commercial, and public sectors. Given the scenario in the mid-21st century, it is concluded that the electric matrix of Roraima is undergoing a process of diversification of sources, and that due to the complexity of the energy issue in Roraima, the solution for supply is not solely in the interconnection to the SIN, but in diversifying the electric matrix with greater investment in alternative energies derived from renewable sources and complementary to thermoelectric plants.

In 2010, after the January 12 earthquake that shook Haiti, mainly the country's capital, leaving many lives lost and great material damage. In the same year, the arrival of the Haitian people in large numbers to Brazilian territory was observed. Many of them head to Brazil's big cities while others remain in smaller cities. Given this fact, we have the following problem: how does the process of emplacement/placing of the Haitian diaspora in Manaus and Porto Velho take place? And why choose these cities to live in, since they are not much talked about places in Haiti? To this end, we used the ―oral history‖ technique proposed by Meihy (2005) and Bachelard‘s phenomenology (1993) as theoretical/methodological support. With the assumption of human and cultural geography, following the example of authors such as: Dardel (2011); Claval (1995, 2007); Tuan (1971, 1977), as well as: Acosta (2016); Handerson (2015); Joseph (2017); Noguera (2012); Tutu's (2020); Oliveira (2014); Silva (2016, 2017); and other bibliographies, and reports that help us in carrying out this doctoral research. The subjects interviewed in this research are of Haitian nationality who have resided in Brazil for at least five years at the time of the interviews and Brazilian nationality who have developed and/or carried out some research or activities with the Haitian people; and also Mozambican nationality from whom I learned a lot when I completed my Sandwich Doctorate in Maputo, Mozambique. The research results firstly show that there is a Haitian emplacement/placing in Brazil resulting from social relations and affection for the place. Identifying elements such as: language, welcome, solidarity, and resilience. And, in second place, there are people who are still looking for a place to live, whether in Brazil or abroad. The Brazilian people, in turn, see the Haitian people as a fighting, hard-working, disciplined people capable of pursuing their dreams despite facing many obstacles.

In the Amazon, the territorial policies implemented since the 1960s have profoundly
transformed the landscape and the way of life of traditional populations. Driven by the
socio-spatial development and integration of the region, and more recently by the
incorporation of the Amazon into the globalized market, the region has long been the
focus of various economic projects, establishing it as an agricultural frontier. Starting in
the 1990s, territorial policies began to incorporate environmental concerns, framing the
region as a space for the conservation of socio-biodiversity. Currently, in the southern
part of the state of Amazonas, there is a resurgence of agricultural, mining, and energy
projects that encroach upon and create tension in protected areas and agrarian reform
territories, leading to increased deforestation and conflicts. Therefore, the aim of this
thesis was to analyze the socio-geographical processes that drive the expansion of the
capital frontier into protected and agrarian reform territories and the
territorialization/deterritorialization of traditional communities and peoples in the
southern region of the State of Amazonas, particularly in the municipalities of Humaita,
Canutama, Labrea, Boca do Acre, Novo Aripuana, Apui, and Manicore. The
methodology included bibliographic, documental, cartographic research, and fieldwork.
It was observed that in the expansion of the frontier in southern Amazonas, the processes
mirror those that have occurred in the region since the 1960s; however, the
institutionalized territories through territorial planning now constitute the land reserves
into which the frontier expands. Thus, the contemporary frontier is one of expropriation,
destruction of nature, and the territorial rights of Amazonian peoples. Furthermore, the
territoriality of capital is also expressed through the weakening of environmental public
policies for the Amazon.

Among the social problems that directly affect everyone, public security has been a challenge for the public manager, especially crimes in which the victims' assets have been the target, as such crimes provoke a feeling of insecurity in society, pointing to a state ineffectiveness. In this way, based on an analysis that considers the way people interact with the geographic space and the influence on the choice of this to become a crime scene, the research data has as its main source information regarding police reports. registered in the City of Porto Velho, between 2015 and 2019, and we sought to verify the particularities of the researched geographic space that may be directly associated with the high criminal rates of pre-established crimes. To this end, the research was based on the hypothetical deductive method, using data collected in the Criminal Analysis System developed by the Public Ministry of Rondônia (2019). The spatialization of the occurrences made it possible to highlight the urban areas with the highest rates of crimes analyzed, which made it possible to carry out a specific study of the places. The analysis of the data collected in the research are compatible with the concepts and theories discussed in the theoretical references, making it possible to identify the particularities of the researched geographic space that directly influence the high rates of theft in the city of Porto Velho-RO. 

The aim of this work is to study the Rio Branco Hydrographic Basin (BHRB), which is part of the Amazonian morphoclimatic domain, located in the Guaporé river basin, in the southwestern region of the state of Rondônia, in the border zone with Bolivia. The general objective of the research was to analyze the indices of vulnerability to soil erosion in the BHRB, for planning and environmental management purposes; as specific objectives, it was established: to map the current land use and coverage; identify and map natural and environmental vulnerability to erosion; characterize the relationship between environmental vulnerability to erosion and economic aspects of the region; compare the BHRB environmental vulnerability spatialization with the planning and classification of the Socioeconomic Ecological Zoning of the state of Rondônia (ZSEE-RO). To spatialize the basin's degrees of natural and environmental vulnerability, there were used the method proposed by Crepani et al. (2001) and the Multicriterial Analystic Hierarchy Process, (AHP). The vulnerability analysis was anchored on the RADAMBRASIL database for geology, pedology and vegetation themes; PLANAFLORO, for climate; MapBiomas, for land use and land cover mapping, using the 6.0 Collection, referring to the year 2020. The results indicate that: a) in mapping land use and land cover, natural vegetation areas predominate (71%), with landscapes formed, in the majority, by dense forest cover; in anthropized areas (28%), pasture is the main cover; ranching is the main economic activity in the region, responsible for altering the landscape; b) in mapping natural vulnerability to erosion, it was found that 61.4% of the BHRB is moderately stable; 30.48% is moderately stable/vulnerable; 6.38% presents moderate natural vulnerability to modelling processes of the relief; the areas with greater stability have the presence of native vegetation with greater density, flattened surfaces and well-developed soils; c) in mapping of environmental vulnerability to erosion, adding the anthropic element to the mapping of the current land surface cover, the moderately stable class decreased to 47.77%; the medium stable/vulnerable areas did not undergo much change, occupying 30.27%; the moderately vulnerable area increased to 21.95% of the BHRB. From the systemic analysis of the landscape, it was observed that the change in land cover was the dominant factor affecting vulnerability to soil erosion. Therefore, the protected areas that make up the BHRB are essential for the conservation of natural landscapes, which can ensure greater morphodynamic stabilization. From this analysis, it was concluded that: the areas that did not have their use protected had their vegetation cover altered, as a result of the intense occupation process, coupled with economic exploration and activities; ZSEE-RO was essential for the conservation of natural landscapes and directly influenced the reduction of areas vulnerable to erosive processes, as this instrument managed to restrict, in most of the BRHB's territory, the use of areas with greater morphodynamic instability, which could have their vulnerability increased in the process of territorial occupation and economic exploration.

Although there is inclusion legislation, deaf subjects still do not have their cultural, linguistic, political, social and educational rights effectively guaranteed. This research hypothesizes that this problem occurs due to the lack of scientific research on what it means to “Be Deaf” and “Deaf Culture”; but mainly due to the lack of Deaf researchers delving into these themes. Ignorance of such conceptions causes other problems, such as the denial of the culture and identity of this people; lack of knowledge of the epistemological view of deafness; and recognition of their territorialities, etc. This research aims to analyze the place of the deaf in society, through life experiences and the vision of the deaf people, based on the studies of Strobel (2008), within the scope of Cultural Studies and Cultural Geography, according to the studies by Claval (2009). As specific objectives, this study intends to identify the conquests of the deaf people, in a mostly hearing society, and to understand the process of territoriality in the midst of differences in culture, identity and language. The methodology used is qualitative research, using interviews with eight deaf participants as data collection instruments. socio-territorial - territory, territoriality, space and place. In the data analysis, it was observed that the place can be considered a cultural artifact of the deaf people, since it is constituted in a space where the deaf subject feels comfortable or welcomed (TUAN, 1983). In addition, the data show that the deaf participants constituted their territorialities, that is, they established their place in society and placed their mark, through the appropriation of cultural artifacts of the deaf people: sign language, family, politics, social life and place.

The process of installing Hydroelectric Power Plants in the Amazon has been producing social and environmental impacts with consequences on the forms of organization of resettlements, their productive and survival characteristics in the territories they occupy. In Rondônia, since 2008, when two Hydroelectric Plants - UHEs were installed in the municipality of Porto Velho, the families that were in the area of direct influence of the works, were affected, being expropriated and resettled in other areas, whose process in geography is characterized as deterritorialization, which, therefore, would imply the need for such groups to develop new territorialities in the resettlement sites to which they were relocated. The objective of the research was to analyze the process of deterritorialization of families from Joana D'arc I, II and II due to the installation of the Santo Antônio HPP and the impacts on the process of territorial organization in the Santa Rita resettlement. For this, it was necessary to highlight the characteristics of the resettlement formed by the families from the settlement called Joana D'arc I, II and III, partially affected, leading part of the population to the resettlement that gave rise to the Santa Rita resettlement. The investigation involved surveys on how that resettlement was constituted, what productive activities were carried out by the resettled people, before the deterritorialization process, comparing it with the current one, and whether such activities carried out are compatible with the conditions and natural characteristics (fertility or soil infertility) for the development of productive activities. As a theoretical contribution to the research, the concept of territory was used, under which it is possible to identify the power relations established by agents and actors, regarding the dispute over the use of the territory, revealing conflicts and impacts from now on to deterritorialization and reterritorialization. The methodology consisted of bibliographical and documentary research, carrying out field work to apply the geographic data collection form - FCDG, and office work to tabulate, analyze and systematize the information obtained. As a product, the work presented will consist of a change in the form of social, economic and environmental organization by those resettled in Santa Rita. The modifications triggered by the implementation of the Santo Antônio HPP in the territorial organization and in the reordering resulting from the appropriation of a part of the river and of productive areas will be highlighted. These transformations have generated difficulties for the resettled population in reestablishing their livelihood, even in the specific case of Santa Rita, whose profile is linked to upland agriculture.

This dissertation presents a detailed study of rainfall in the Legal Amazon (LA),
emphasizing the influence of climate anomaly modes and the impact of deforestation and fires on
rainfall patterns. The research employs advanced methodologies, such as Recurrent Neural
Networks (RNR), to analyze and predict climatic behavior in the region, based on historical,
observational, and spatial downscaling data. In addition, the importance of understanding extreme
events, such as long periods of drought and floods, which have significant impacts on society and
the environment, is demonstrated. The relevance of such studies is underlined by the occurrence of
events such as the droughts of 2005 and 2010, which profoundly affected the LA region. The
research uses a database from the Hydrological Information System (HidroWeb) of the National
Water Agency (ANA). Data collection faced challenges, such as unavailable rainfall stations, but
overcame these obstacles by using data imputation techniques and manipulating them for analysis.
This analysis of the observed data revealed trends, patterns, and anomalies in LA's rainfall.
Pearson's correlation between atmospheric-oceanic phenomena and rainfall in LA showed a weak
relationship. However, it was observed that phenomena such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation
(ENOS), the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)
have an influence on rainfall dynamics. For example, the peak of El Niño in 1983 coincided with a significant reduction in rainfall. The RNR was fed with normalized data suitable for Long Short- Term Memory (LSTM), a specific technique within Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The results

obtained by the ANN showed a solid correlation and a remarkably low root mean square error
(RMSE) - 5.64 for the municipality of Sitio Novo in Maranhao. In order to improve the research
and give it continuity, a refinement could be made to the RNR algorithm, the use of the
observational database for learning and improving the data imputation technique for the daily
rainfall base modeled from ANA data. Despite the difficulties faced, the analysis provided a more
detailed understanding of rainfall in LA, revealing variations at different rainfall stations and
highlighting the influence of atmospheric-oceanic phenomena on the climate variable. The research
expanded knowledge about important aspects of the region and highlighted the diversity of
algorithms used, offering valuable insights for forecasting extreme events and making decisions
related to environmental management and water resource planning in the region.

The objetive of the present research, is to analized topics related to memories and diasporas, and the consequent effects caused on the identities of the Venezuelan subjects in the Porto Velho city, Rondônia. The speeches where memories and diasporas are analyzed have become a constant in the academic scene, taking into consideration the various conflicts between nationalities, with greater importance after the Second World War (1945) a fact that led many countries to become independent, moment when many people left their places of origin in search of better living conditions in others more developed.Is very important to mention that this search for better living conditions is motivated by innumerable and diverse reasons. One of these populations is the Venezuelan diaspora, displaced to Porto Velho, from the end of 2017 to the present. In Porto Velho they find themselves facing an ideology, language and culture totally different from their own, whitch causes a cultural shock in them, and allows us to make a geographical reflection of their lives as displaced people associated with the dialectical historical materialism method.The theoretical studies are shown through diasporic approaches, presenting not only the real motivation that made these subjects leave their places of origin, settle in other territories and the consequences of that occupation, mainly in what relates to their identities and those of their families. Memory studies helped us understand the importance of that spatial and cultural construction experienced by them in their country of origin, it is a way to understand why the other's territory becomes so conflictive and their identities very complex. As theoretical references that support this research, we take into consideration reflections from intellectuals such as: Brah (2002), Claval (2002), Deleuze G., Haesbaert (2002, 2007, 2014), Halbwaschs (1994,1999); it was fundamental. We understand that in the diasporic situation, the participants say, even with conflicts, they have freedom to express their culture. But even if that freedom exists, it is the local subject, the citizen of Porto Velho who builds the world in which the venezuelan subject has to adapt, adorned with its laws, ideologies, culture, and others. Their resistance to impositions is notorious, which in certain cases generates conflicts. However, the need to remain in a space that is not theirs, living with a culture that embraces them daily, venezuelans are open to accepting Brazilian culture.

This study aimed to investigate and analyze the factors that influenced the natural and environmental vulnerability to erosion in the Pacaraima basin, which is located in the municipality of Pacaraima, Roraima, and is inserted in the Amazonian morphoclimatic domain. The study sought to assess in an integrated manner the elements that contributed to the vulnerability of the region, considering both the natural aspects and the different uses and occupation of the soil. Environmental, natural and social aspects contribute to vulnerability to erosion processes. The natural conjuncture, when associated with the use of soils without proper management, tends to present greater losses of soils by erosion, environmental vulnerability, which is associated with anthropic actions that alter the exchange of matter and energy of environmental systems, promoting the environmental imbalance of ecosystems. Through the use of Remote Sensing techniques and Geographic Information Systems, data and information were collected that allowed understanding the interrelationship of the physiographic components of the Pacaraima basin and identifying areas with different levels of vulnerability. In addition, a morphological analysis of the soil was carried out in order to understand how vulnerability is distributed in the basin, as well as its interaction with anthropic actions. These actions provided a more detailed view of the environmental situation and made it possible to identify the areas that present the greatest environmental risk and environmental vulnerability to erosion. A survey was also carried out on land use and occupation in the Pacaraima basin, in order to understand how human activities are contributing to environmental vulnerability to erosion. This analysis allowed the elaboration of a map of land use and occupation, which could help in future studies on planning, providing subsidies for environmental preservation and the sustainable use of natural resources in the region. Data analysis shows that the Pacaraima basin has a varied distribution in terms of natural and environmental vulnerability to erosion. With regard to natural vulnerability, it is observed that the majority of the area ,66.93%, is classified as stable, with a predominance of ecodynamic stability This indicates that a large part of the region has favorable conditions for soil conservation, with low susceptibility to erosion processes. On the other hand, approximately a quarter of the basin, 26.40%, presents medium vulnerability, characterizing a balance between stability and vulnerability. A smaller portion of the area, 4.01%, is considered moderately vulnerable to erosion processes. Regarding environmental vulnerability, the results show that most of the basin, 66.06%, is classified as moderately stable, that is, it presents a relative environmental stability. This indicates that, although there are factors that can influence vulnerability to erosion processes, the region still maintains resilience and environmental conservation capacity. However, it is important to highlight that a small percentage of the área, 0.10% is classified as medium/vulnerable stability. Furthermore, about a quarter of the basin, 25.54%, is considered moderately vulnerable. A smaller portion of the área, 5.82%, is classified as vulnerable, which indicates a more critical situation in terms of environmental conservation. These regions are more exposed to the risks of erosion and require urgent actions to preserve the soil and landscape. The morphological analysis of the soils in the Pacaraima basin revealed that areas with a higher incidence of erosion processes present alterations in the structure, density and porosity of the soil. These changes are related to the removal of vegetation, which plays an important role in preserving soil quality. The absence of vegetation cover exposes the soil to erosive agents, compromising its stability and ability to retain water. The importance of surveying the environmental vulnerability to erosion lies in identifying the systems that have increased the instability process of the systems and consequently the degradation by erosion processes. Therefore, the determination of vulnerabilities is important to understand the functioning of environmental systems, their dynamics with human actions, as well as their capacity for resilience. From then on, it is possible to promote strategies to minimize the impacts of inappropriate uses.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the different homogeneous units of soil-relief-geology interaction of Morphopedological Units (UMF) on the production of runoff and sediment on unpaved roads in the upper Rio das Garças basin using the portable rainfall simulation model by sprinkling (SCPA), which basically aims to simulate rainfall that occurs in intense events in the area as a way to control one of the variables that act in the erosive process of roads, in open hydroerosive plots to establish patterns of surface runoff production and quantification of sediments. The present study focuses on the southern part of the Rio das Garças basin, which stands out due to the current occupation process, in which a potential for opening new roads in currently exploited areas was observed. It is an area that puts pressure on the limits of the Bom Futuro National Forest, established by decree No. 96,188 of 06/21/1988, and disaffected in 2010, and the Karipunas Indigenous Land. This region becomes the scene of intense exploitation of its natural resources, therefore, it suggests a focus on its current stage of
exploitation. The morphopedological units (FMU) were defined following the methodological script proposed by Castro and Salomão (2000). The delimited compartments establish recognizable and demarcated relief physiognomies where specific pedological and lithological structures are established based on the Planafloro database (RONDONIA, 2001). The physical characterization of the basin showed predominance in more than >80% of the area constituted by dystrophic Cambisol and dystrophic Red Yellow Latosol soils. A mapping of the basic structure of the roads was carried out with the aim of selecting ideal locations for carrying out the simulated rain, which keep physical conditions of the soil profiles and which imprint the identity of the morphopedological units and finally the survey of the type of use and predominant coverage in the area, where uses such as: temporary crops such as rice planting, soybean planting and pasture were identified. BHARG was divided into sectors considering the following basic criteria: 1. Type of use and land cover; 2. Mapped morphopedological units; 3. Function and hierarchy of the roads, which resulted in six sectors. Experiments have already been carried out that preliminarily account for some main conclusions: the rates of total sediment released by the analyzed stretch were not explained by the runoff coefficient; there is a tendency for the moisture percentage to be well correlated with the runoff response time in the plots; it may be that the slope presented in the plots explains the runoff coefficients and sediment loss rates; better organize the general information that support the discussion of the data than the delimitation of the FMUs only. The next steps are necessarily carrying out field activities to carry out the SPCA experiments in the repetition of the sections that are scheduled for may, which is a month of seasonal transition that is established in the region. After the
execution of the rainfall simulation experiment, the data will be worked on software for the analysis of descriptive statistics, seeking answers that support the hypothesis of the thesis. In the data analysis, some techniques of statistical comparison between averages will be adopted, in addition to correlation between the analyzed properties.

...

Deforestation in the Amazon is a consequence of the occupation process that began more than 500 years ago in the Brazilian territory. Although almost 80% of the Amazon forest is still preserved, the territorial occupation forces are increasingly strong, opposing the actions of official institutions and society. As an encouragement, the government is potentially able to order the expansion of this frontier in the Amazon, thus reducing the high rates of deforestation observed in recent decades, investing its efforts not only in emergency issues, such as deforestation and forest fires, but also ordering regional development, seeking a balance between the economy and environmental conservation. This study evaluated the contribution of environmental monitoring, one of the main instruments of command and control to reduce deforestation in the National Forests (FLONA) of Bom Futuro, Jacundá and Jamari, located in the state of Rondônia/Brazil. The study carried out documentary research to infer the effectiveness of environmental enforcement and estimate the value of deterrence related to environmental infractions in the FLONAs in the period from 2010 to 2020 and the trend of behavior change using the mathematical model proposed by Schmitt (2015). The result indicated ineffectiveness of environmental enforcement by ICMBio in controlling deforestation in the FLONAs and a zero value for deterrence resulting from enforcement. The analysis covered the entire administrative sanctioning process, whose stages are of significant relevance in evaluating the role of the Brazilian State in identifying weaknesses and opportunities to improve the management of these specially protected areas, with singular focus on the instituted strategies for protection and conservation of biodiversity.

La tesis presenta los estudios de Arte, Literatura y Geografía Humanista como una forma de proporcionar nuevas interpretaciones sobre el lugar en el contexto de los pueblos Macuxi y Yanomami. El contexto que vive actualmente el pueblo Macuxi y los yanomami –disputas territoriales, invasiones de prospección, asesinatos– requiere un acercamiento incisivo a esta realidad. La parte de Arte (Artes Visuales) que consideramos interpretar y discutir bajo el sesgo de las pinturas de geografía humanista de artistas de macuxi con el fin de demostrar cómo estas obras reflejan la vida cotidiana, la forma de vida de este pueblo. En la parte literaria, analizamos el libro La caída del cielo: palabras de un chamán yanomami. Geografía y Literatura presentan relaciones históricas que se han popularizado desde mediados de la década de 1970, de esta manera tenemos como teóricos a Marandola Jr. (2010), Yi-Fu Tuan (1980, 2013, 2005), Júlio Suzuki (2017), Ottati; Venerotti (2016), Marina (2016). Para la literatura indígena, tenemos a Dorrico (2018, 2020), Munduruku (2018, 2020), Esbell (2020), Terena (2020), Kambeba (2020) discutiendo la evolución, trayectoria y objetivo de las obras de autoría indígena. Para el análisis de las pinturas utilizamos principalmente Esbell (2018) y Yi-Fu Tuan (2013). En la cuestión del método, ponemos a disposición la fenomenología de Tuan (1980) donde discute la conexión del hombre con el entorno físico, con el espacio. En la metodología, presentamos la investigación bibliográfica. La disertación resulta en el "descubrimiento" de sentimientos, recuerdos, historias, miedos de un pueblo: los indígenas, más específicamente los pueblos Macuxi y Yanomami. En el libro de David Kopenawa tenemos la identificación y discusión del lugar, el subjetivismo del narrador que cuenta la historia de su pueblo a medida que crecen los contactos con los no indios. Además, podemos observar los cambios en el tiempo y el espacio que tanto David como su comunidad habían pasado. Enfatizamos que el libro cuenta historias reales y que las interpretaciones se basan puramente en el libro. En las consideraciones tenemos la presentación de nuestra opinión sobre el trabajo y sugerencias para el uso de esta disertación

Health practices considered traditional by modern society, have as protagonists, healers, healers, healers, spiritist centers, fathers and mothers of saints, urban shamans, catimbozeiros, among others. The geographic dimensions of knowledge and popular practices in health care and the relationship between modernity and tradition and their dichotomies were observed from the healers/women who use prayer as a therapeutic tool in the process of curing illnesses. In view of this, the study deals with an analysis of the cultural construction of the blessing and its practices involving the knowledge of prayers, as well as the use of medicinal plants by faith healers and healers, thus seeking to understand the process of resistance of this knowledge. With the research it was possible to understand how faith healers are inserted in today's society and thus perceive them as elements of resistance of a culture, in the face of the advance of modern society and new theologies and ideologies. All the perceptions sought by the research proposal were made possible through the phenomenological method, which allows the understanding of phenomena such as the use of rituals to cure diseases that present physiological changes in the body and that it is not possible to detect by the pathophysiological studies developed by contemporary medicine. For this, a dialogue established between the practitioners of blessing and the researcher, through the methodology of oral history, made it possible to collect data to understand the guiding question of the research at the time. The fieldwork, possible to be carried out even in a pandemic period with all the restrictions, made it possible to perceive the sacredness involved in the whole ritual of blessing and in the preparation of medicinal plants with the intention of healing; observe that the small details for practitioners make a huge difference in the healing process. Their resistance was given to the anonymous and the permanence of their practices without much disclosure, this way of protecting themselves was even a challenge in the development of the research, as there was extreme difficulty in locating the faith healers.

....

Along the BR-364 highway, there are visible changes in the landscape resulting from the agricultural colonization occurred in the state of Rondônia, which, over time and the intense occupation process and land use, caused native vegetation conversion into coffee plantations, extensive areas of pasture and the presence of meat-packing agroindustries, dairy products, gas stations, soybeans and silos, in this chronological order. Based on these observations, this dissertation aimed to analyze the changes in the rural landscape in the municipality of Itapuã do Oeste, in the state of Rondônia, from 1985 to 2020. The scope of the investigation has the landscape as a geographic category of analysis. The form, function, structure and process method was used, analyzed from secondary data, based on a bibliographic survey, orbital and thematic maps of the municipality in question, as support material for the analysis. The work addresses the region history of colonization and development, through agricultural production data, both in Rondônia and Itapuã do Oeste, in order to comparatively subsidize the discussions. The results of the analysis showed that, over the last 35 years, the the land form and function in Itapuã do Oeste have been transformed: what was once a forest was converted into subsistence agriculture, which goes through a new reconversion process of the space focused on the commodities production, in order to serve the world market. In terms of infrastructure, the municipality has the necessary structures to support the transformations in the course of its history, in a regionalized way, relying on local structures and those of neighboring municipalities.

Não consta

The modeling of areas susceptible to soil loss by hydro erosive processes consists of a simplified instrument of reality with the purpose of predicting future behavior from the observation and interaction of a set of geoenvironmental factors. Soil degradation, in turn, is the loss of its functions because of human activities, such as agriculture, overgrazing, and deforestation, among others that cause the removal of fertile soil and loss of ability to sustain production levels. Considering the above, the current analysis aims to predict the susceptibility to soil loss by water events and map areas with potential erosion risk, using the principles of the statistical model - Binary Logistic Regression - and the machine learning model - Artificial Neural Network - to understand the performance of the models, analyze the set of predictors and map the areas of erosive risk. Therefore, the Sete Voltas river sub-basin was defined as an experimental area for the development of research in the municipality of Colorado do Oeste/RO. Initially, the soil erosion inventory map was constructed through various field investigations, including the use of remotely piloted aircraft. Fifty (50) sampling units with the presence of erosion were selected based on the assumptions indicated in the literature and, to complement the dichotomous analysis, 50 (fifty) units with no erosion were randomly assigned. Then, the selection of predictor parameters that exert, directly or indirectly, some influence on the mechanism of occurrence of soil loss events, such as Altitude, Slope, Aspect or Orientation of the Slope, Curvature of the Slope, Composite Topographic Index, Flow Power Index, Lineament Density, NDVI, Drainage Density, Lithology, Soil Type, Erosivity, Land Surface Temperature, and Land Use and Occupancy. After evaluating the relative contribution of each predictor variable to the models, the erosion susceptibility map was obtained with 05 (five) reference classes: Very Low, Low, Moderate, High, and Very High. The model's accuracy was evaluated using the ROC curve and AUC Area. Although the analysis confirms that the RNA model (AUC = 0.808 and Global Precision of 79.2%) presented better precision than the RLB model (AUC = 0.888 and Global Precision of 77%), it is possible to notice a lot of similarities between the selected models. The most effective causal factors in predicting erosion susceptibility were NDVI, Erosivity and Soil Surface Temperature in both models. The RLB indicated that 57.71% of the sub-basin area is susceptible to soil loss, and the RNA model recorded 54.80% susceptibility. Thus, the results of the present research indicated that the RLB and RNA models can be successfully applied to the mapping of susceptibility to soil loss by water events in similar environments in the Amazonian context. The technique proved to be effective, with high precision and without the use of timeconsuming and expensive methods, in addition to presenting themselves as tools that can help planners and managers of natural resources to reduce losses caused by rainfall events

The Pan-Amazon became the focus of the installation of Hydroelectric Power Stations - HPS, however,
along the rivers of the region, there is a concentration of riverside communities that have their form of
organization and territorial identity related to these rivers, where the activities they are linked, like
fishing, they constitute the vital element of subsistence and income, so the construction of HPS in the
areas where these communities reside, represents a threat to deterritorialization. The hydroelectric
impacts are analyzed here based on the temporality in which they occur, that is, before (speculative),
during (immediate) and after (procedural) the installation of works. Two communities were chosen that
experience the impacts of the Madeira River Hydroelectric Complex in different temporalities, the first is
Vila do Teotonio, located on the bank of the Teotonio Waterfall on the Madeira River, 27 km from Porto
Velho/Rondonia/Brazil, an old fishing colony, deterritorialized by the Santo Antonio HPS and resettled in
Vila Nova de Teotonio; the second is Cachuela Esperanza, located on the banks of the waterfall of the
same name, on the Beni River, 44 km away from Guayaramerin, in the department of Beni/Province Vaca
Diez/Bolivia, a community that has a fishermen's association, and which is on the area of influence of
HPS Cachuela Esperanza on the verge of being deterritorialized. The general objective of the thesis is to
analyze the processes of deterritorialization and reterritorialization of the communities of Vila
Teotonio/Brazil and Cachuela Esperanza/Bolivia, considering the temporality of the impacts caused by
the hydroelectric plants of Santo Antonio/Rio Madeira and Cachuela Esperanza/Beni River. The
methodology consisted of: (I) Bibliographic and documental research; (II) Field work in the analyzed
communities; III) Systematization and analysis of collected data. Teotonio Village experienced the
speculative, immediate impacts and, currently, goes through the procedural impacts of HPS Santo
Antonio, fishing, which was the vital element of community organization, was compromised and
criminalized, whose forced deterritorialization caused a rupture in the pattern of organization and
mischaracterized territorial identity, since the vital elements for obtaining subsistence and local income
were not preserved or restored in the resettlement, making the reterritorialization process impossible,
starting the emptying of the resettlement areas. The impacts identified in Vila of Teotonio make it
possible to glimpse the signs of how the installation of the HPS in Cachuela Esperanza will have
repercussions, since they have similar territorial identities. It was found that Cachuela Esperanza has been
experiencing the speculative impacts of the HPS for years, in the locality there are negative expectations
for the construction of the hydroelectric plant, as there is a concern with the commitment of fishing,
however, the installation of the work still sounds like a hope of development to the place, similar to what
was experienced at the economic peak of Bolivian rubber exports, as it is located in an area of abundant
water potential, but is located in a remote and marginalized region of the Amazon. The communities
under analysis are threatened territories, as they are within the area of influence of HPS, which are
activated to supply the global/national logic and function as providers of water resources for the
generation of electric energy.

The rainy season causes problems due to flooding in specific areas of the municipality
of Porto Velho - RO. The lack of a housing policy based on socio-environmental
principles allows the low-sufficient population to occupy areas that are more prone to
these phenomena, which in turn, are recurrent during the summer period, also known
as the Amazon winter. This study aimed to map the risk of flooding in a pilot area,
located in the Lagoinha neighborhood in the municipality of Porto Velho - Rondônia,
based on the analysis of physical attributes of the soil in the selected area. For this, 18
points of the area were selected and the following actions were carried out: soil
collections for particle size analysis, textural classification and determination of the
apparent density of the soil, tests of Mechanical Resistance to Soil Penetration (RMP)
and soil Infiltration Capacity tests by the Single Cylinder Infiltrometer (ICU) method.
With the applicability of Geostatistics and the use of the Geographic Information
System (GIS) it was possible to obtain the interpolation of punctual data obtained in
the field, providing the formation of continuous surfaces that generate the considered
thematic maps, in addition to the topography and slope. After reclassifying and
weighting the data, these were overlaid via map algebra, making it possible to identify
areas where natural drainage would be compromised in terms of efficiency. Analyzes
of land occupation, areas identified as local APP's and urbanized areas were also
carried out. The results show that 36.03% of the areas analyzed were classified as
being at high risk and 30.79% at very high risk of flooding.

The use of water by humanity has an important and historical context, of fundamental importance in the survival and maintenance of life. The interest and search for water quality in recent times has been highlighted in several events and studies. The impacts caused by humanity can have several consequences, often irreversible for this good, which is undoubtedly essential. Groundwater is used for various purposes, mainly for human consumption, so it is important that this water is drinkable. This research aims to analyze the quality of groundwater in the Bacia Igarape Tancredo Neves, from the city of Porto Velho from the Potability Standard guaranteed and required by Consolidation Ordinance no. 05/2017 of the Ministry of Health and thus spatialize the results obtained from physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes. Seventy samples were collected from Amazonian and artesian wells, divided into two periods: 35 collection points in the dry season and 35 collection points in the rainy season. In these samples, analyzes of physical-chemical and microbiological parameters were carried out in 12 neighborhoods that include the study area. In the dry season, the nitrate concentration reached 11 mg/L NO3 - , while in the dry season the concentrations did not exceed 6 mg/L NO3 - . More neutral pH concentrations were obtained in the dry season and more acidic in the rainy season, coinciding with the same regions with high nitrate values in the same period analyzed. In terms of microbiological contamination,the drought period provided greater contamination, of 85.71%, this result may be correlated with the lack of rain in this season. With the analysis of these results, we can conclude the insufficiency and deficiency of basic sanitation in Porto Velho, whichdirectly reflects in the quality of groundwater. And so, the water from wells in the Igarape Tancredo Neves Basin is not suitable for human consumption according to Consolidation Ordinance no. 05/2017 of the Ministry of Health; which establishes the absence of total and thermotolerant coliforms to be considered drinkable. The specialized results present the public health problem in the aforementioned region, which can assist in the search for alternatives to minimize the impacts caused by human actions and in the search for adequate treatments in order to guarantee drinkingwater, which is a fundamental human right. human.

This research seeks to perform an analysis of the geoenvironmental vulnerabilities of the Samuel State Ecological Station - Rondônia, aiming at geoenvironmental zoning with use and techniques of geotechnologies. The study area is located in the State of Rondônia, between the municipalities of Candeias do Jamari and Itapuã do Oeste, and is geographically between the parallels 09° 12' and 08° 48' of south latitude and the meridians 63° 24' and 62° 48' of west longitude of the Greenwich meridian.ESEC-Samuel is considered a strategic Conservation Unit for the maintenance, protection and conservation of samples of high biodiversity and ecological singularity, which needs to be protected as a restricted and priority use in order to preserve its important ecological attributes, such as endangered species and landscapes, whose beauty is considered unique. However, in reality, this is not what has been happening in the face of anthropic influences and pressure.ESEC-Samuel is considered a strategic Conservation Unit for the maintenance, protection and conservation of samples of high biodiversity and ecological singularity, which needs to be protected as a restricted and priority use in order to preserve its important ecological attributes, such as endangered species and landscapes, whose beauty is considered unique. However, in reality, this is not what has been happening in the face of anthropic influences and pressure. Due to this scenario, this research conducts a study that provides for an evaluation of environmental indicators to establish the ecodynamic conditions that are in balance and current imbalance. The research was anchored satellite images, and the work was developed on the QGIS software. In view of this analysis, structural lineaments, joint traces and their derivatives were extracted from the orbital images, determining the areas of maximums 1 and 2. The joint analysis of the mappings determined the different levels of features existing in the study area. In which resulted in a series of thematic mappings that integrated led us to a synthesis map of geoenvironmental subzones.

Researching indigenous collectives constitutes challenges for the social sciences, as they are peoples with distinct particularities, manifested in their cosmogonies and symbologies, which are essential for their culture. In several territories of native peoples, many social and economic threats arise in their daily lives, directly or indirectly, which causes uncertainty for the community. This is the situation experienced by the Katxuyana indigenous group, which the research seeks to investigate. Thus, the objective is to analyze the resistance of the Katxuyana indigenous, through their social organizations, in the face of the deterritorialization process announced by the resumption of the Cachoeira Porteira hydroelectric project, located on the Trombetas River. As methodological procedures, the discourse of the collective subject was used, with open questions, field work and bibliographic and documental review. The dissertation makes a territorial cut only of the indigenous collective Katxuyana, who recently returned to their territory of origin, since they lived for more than 30 years in other territories. Ravaged by diseases and at risk of becoming extinct, they split into two groups and inhabited the territories of the Hixkaryana (towards the Nhamundá River) and the Tiriyó (towards the Parque do Tumucumaque Indigenous Land). The Katxuyana territory is formed by sociocosmogonic experiences that are responsible for the construction of territorial markers that (re)affirm their identities and territorialities. The resumption of the Cachoeira Porteira hydroelectric project, which was conceived during the period of the military dictatorship (1964 to 1985), to meet the developmental policies implemented in the Amazon region, left the indigenous people restless and apprehensive about the future of their territory, which is under threat. for being directly in the area of influence of the Hydroelectric Power Plant.

As in any other subject taught in schools, pedagogical practice tends to become a fundamental element, as it follows the daily teaching routine, starting with the act of planning, systematizing and streamlining teaching in favor of learning. Geographic education has been gaining visibility in academic studies, given its importance in the daily lives of citizens, and must be worked on in a holistic way from the first years of schooling. In this study, we sought to understand how literacy teachers in the early years work the Geography subject in Elementary School I, in municipal schools in JiParaná-RO. To make the research feasible, two Elementary Schools from the municipal public network of Ji-Paraná were selected: Ruth Rocha and Menino Jesus, with the participation of four collaborating teachers, working in the Elementary School network who exercise their craft in the aforementioned educational institutions . The study was characterized as a qualitative research, using semi-structured interviews and document analysis as data collection instruments. The study showed that there is little appreciation of geographic knowledge in the early years of students' schooling and the topic is absent from the agendas of continuing teacher education. It was noticed a closed curriculum in the municipal network that determines the contents and skills according to the document Management Note 10 (ten), leaving little time/space for the teachers to work on contents aimed at the North Region. As a result, the textbook occupies a hegemonic space in the educational process. We conclude that there is a mismatch between current geographic knowledge and school work, which requires actions in teacher training, curriculum and teaching materials. A movement that can provide significant learning experiences in Geography for children at the beginning of basic schooling.

A presente pesquisa de mestrado objetivou fazer uma análise da situação dos impactos socioambientais causados pela atividade agropecuária que vem facilitando os processos de ação antrópica e consequentemente processos de transformação do espaço da regional do Baixo Acre. Questões relevantes acerca da historicidade da expansão do agronegócio do boi na regional do Baixo Acre, que pode ser considerado um dos maiores negócios rurais. Porém, seu crescimento não só tem um impacto significativo na vida de muitas famílias, mas também por causa de seu impacto ao meio ambiente, o que tem causado danos socioambientais. A problemática desta pesquisa consiste em investigar a expansão da Pecuária na Amazônia Sul Ocidental situando o Acre no contexto de fronteira econômica agropecuária, de forma que se possa visualizar a regional do Baixo Acre como principal área produtora agropecuária, sem esquecer de mencionar os conflitos decorrentes dessa expansão e, por conseguinte realizar um balanço das políticas de desenvolvimento dessa sistemática. Essa pesquisa com o tema propõe contribuir para o Programa de Mestrado em Geografia da Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR). Dessa maneira, a análise se baseia no método materialismo históricodialético para demostrar as contradições, interesses e semelhanças na atuação de diferentes agentes sociais. Outra forma de análise é por meio da pesquisa qualitativa através de bibliografias, em que são utilizadas publicações de diversos autores que contribuíram para o enriquecimento do assunto. No entanto, há necessidade no levantamento de informações da Regional Baixo Acre e análise de documentos fornecidos pela Secretaria de Meio Ambiente, IBGE, IDAF, EMPRAPA entre outros. Nesse contexto, o referencial teórico que embasa a pesquisa partiu do entendimento de que para desenvolver a pecuária é preciso pagar um alto preço, mas os retornos financeiros são rentáveis, o que promove o crescimento econômico de uma região. Para isso tem-se com objetivo principal analisar os conflitos socioambientais causados pela expansão da pecuária bovina, que tem transformado o território, promovendo a expulsão dos camponeses, indígenas, seringueiros dentre outros, para dar lugar as grandes pastagens de gado, isso tem causado a devastação da floresta ocasionando a transformação do território. Com isso essa pesquisa se propôs a analisar a histórica da expansão da pecuária na Amazônia-Acreana, tendo como análise de estudo o agronegócio do boi e conflitos socioambientais na regional do Baixo Acre, identificando quais as alterações impressas ao longo dos anos no sentido de compreender as novas relações sociais e econômicas construídas na capital do estado e cidades adjacentes. Nessa conjuntura se faz necessário compreender como essa atividade (pecuária bovina) se torna o principal elemento de transformação do território, sobretudo na regional do Baixo Acre.

The aim this study is evaluate the erodibility potential of Oxisols in 3 different models of slopes, with application of physical, mechanical and chemical parameters of soil, aiming at understanding the morphological dynamics of the slopes in question. Highlighting for this, the analysis of 5 methods of erodibility: Heidemann's direct method in the Modified Inderbitzen rig and the indirect methods of Granulometry, Plasticity Index, Saturated Cohesion Variation and mineralogy of soils. Topographic positions and the insertion of soil profiles in the context of the slope (upper, middle and foothills) were measured for an analysis of the erodible potential in soil surfaces and sub-surfaces up to 150cm in depth. Direct Erodibility pointed out that the Convex Strand (CX) had the lowest erodible potential, with only the foothills having a high potential for erosion (14.51%). The Straight line (RT) showed soils with greater erodible potential than the CX side; revealed that the Upper and footlhills are the most erodible of this aspect, with percentages of 12.43% and 7.80% respectively. Finally, the Concave (CV) slope, which had the highest soil erodible potential of all slopes, with values above 20% over the entire course of the slope. The granulometry influenced the soil's erodible potential in all methods of analysis, it is noteworthy that even in a very clayey soil, the variation in the percentage of sands between samples influenced their erodible potential, reducing their resistance to water detachment. its particles. The soils of the slopes with the highest percentage of sand were classified in all direct and indirect methods analyzed as erodible or very erodible. Such an erodible soil potential is located at the foothills of the slopes, with values below 55% by the Granulometric method and with a percentage of Plasticity below 10%. However, it should be mentioned that at the top of the slopes there is an erodible to very erodible potential, indicated by the Plasticity Index, which indicated that it are also, little plastic (IP <10%) and erodible soils, as well as in the Direct method, which pointed out this level of erodibility at the top of the Straight and Concave slopes, with values above 12%. It was noted that all the analyzed slopes presented a high silica content and relation to the other analyzed minerals, with greater impoverishment in surface than in subsurface, with the exception of the Concave slope, where the subsurface is poorer minerally than the surface, indicating high mineral dissolution by geochemical erosion in this aspect. All soils in the slopes have a pH value in water below 5, indicating that they are acidic soils with high potential for the development of Acidolysis in them. When observing the consequences of geochemical erosion in the slopes, it was found that the most changeable mechanical parameters are: Apparent Density, Plasticity Index, Cohesion and Hydraulic Conductivity. Through the Double Planing Surface of the Etchplantion theory it is possible to point out that the future trend of the Convex Strand - CX is to retilinize. The Straight Line - RT is to become a concave surface. For the Concave Strand - CV it was observed that the tendency of this surface is to become a surface of structural levels, due to a succession of repression of the entire strand. These erosive actions suggest that there is a sequence of evolution of the slope shape according to erodibility, starting in the convex shape, changing to a rectilinear shape and then concave, until arriving at a new slope shape that is in steps (staggered).

The study focuses, under the geosystemic perspective, on the different outlines that have been occurring on the river borders of the municipal headquarters of Alto Solimões, characterizing a scenario where the landscapes make evident the action of processes, especially the fluvial ones, which depending on the physical attributes gathered in each terrain, will be vital for a greater or lesser degree of fluvial action influence, outlining borders, and bringing with them, implications that are inserted in the physical environment and in the riverside daily life. The research bases itself on the hypothesis that the outlining of borders involves a geosystemic dynamic with different active variables that will provide several evolution stages in their characterization. The research area includes the municipal headquarters of the Alto Solimões micro-region and was guided by the theoretical and methodological principles of Georges Bertrand regarding the use of the concepts of Geosystem and Landscape. The images at 1: 40.000 scale are from LandSat5 and Cbers4, both collected in the catalog dgi.inpe and handled with the software ArcGIS 10.5. The images of Tabatinga are from the LandSat / Copernicus satellite (1985) and Maxar Technologies (2002 and 2020), both at the 1: 50m scale. Fonte Boa images are from the LandSat / Copernicus satellite (1985 and 2010) and CNES / Airbus (2019), on a scale of 1: 210m. To quantify the outlining process of the river borders of Tabatinga and Fonte Boa, in its various evolutive stages, the mathematical tool called “Integral Duplo” was used, set to calculate approximately the volume V of the solid. In this information survey, visits to the municipal headquarters are taken into consideration. The results, both by images and by the quantification of the volume of the material of the river borders, indicate that there is no continuity for such outlines, which result from both the addition and loss of material, due to the alternation of stages of the outlining process. Fluvial processes are relevant in the various outlining stages of these borders, which will make up alternate landscape scenarios, but all of them, with impacts in the physical environment and in the riverside daily life.

Extractive Reserves is a category of Conservation Unit which represents an important tool in the conservation of environmental, social and economic resources. It has a contribution in the elaboration of conservation and sustainability policies regarding the use of natural resources mainly by allowing residents within them. to develop economic activities. Despite the advancement of legislation with the creation of the National System of Conservation Units in 2000 and the new management model that was adopted with Extractive Reserves in the state of Acre, little progress has been made in the effectiveness of management and especially in the conservation of the environment. Since the creation of Conservation Units, deforestation is a reality both in its perimeters and in its buffer zones, mainly due to the advance of agribusiness in the region. Thus, the present research seeks to analyze the effectiveness of the environmental management of Extractive Reserves in the state of Acre from 2000 to 2018 in order to know if a new management model to which it was adopted from the creation of SNUC has contributed to a sustainable management. management, environmental preservation and the economy. Therefore, the technique of the indimapa methodology was used to measure the level of management implementation, the PRODES deforestation database from 2000 to 2018 by means of geoprocessing techniques and the use of Qgis software. 3.10.0 the thematic maps of deforestation evolution in the perimeter and in the buffer zone were generated and the economic data was used the IBGE database of livestock to identify the evolution of livestock in the state, as an activity that has contributed For the state economy, which entails a negative side with the advance of this activity for RESEX, deforestation has become a reality in the buffer zone as in its perimeters. However, the Extractive Reserves in the state of Acre have a historical and environmental contribution, but their management has been little effective, especially those that do not have a management plan such as Alto Tarauacá and Riozinho da Liberdade, which entails other pressures such as the advance of deforestation. is one of the consequences of management inefficiency, deforestation has been a reality mainly during the period that was instituted SNUC and ICMBio in Extractive Reserves studied the period that deforestation had higher rates was in 2006 to 2010 where all showed a high index, mainly in its buffer zones and perimeters, as a result of this was the evolution of livestock in the state in 2000 the state spent up to 1 million head of cattle, which shows that the activity has been growing, not only by number but by qualities which provides infrastructure for this activity. Thus, despite the efforts of managers and the agency responsible for the management of this category of conservation unit in the state of Acre to improve management effectiveness, however these efforts have been little effective and deforestation has been a reality in their areas. damping as its perimeters as opposed to livestock that has been more effective.

The research seeks to identify the effectiveness of REDD+ Projects in containing deforestation based on resex Rio Preto-Jacundá as a case study. Deforestation and burning in the Amazon are the main responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases in Brazil. In the state of Rondônia, 12% of deforestation is occurring within Conservation Units (BRASIL, 2018b). The hypothesis advocated by this research is that from the implementation of the REDD+ project at RESEX Rio Preto-Jacundá, there was a reduction or containment in deforestation rates. To investigate the effectiveness of the project, a methodological construction was established calculating and analyzing deforestation rates within RESEX and throughout the area covered by the project. Multitemporal analysis was performed between 2013 and 2019 with an interval of every two years. To analyze the change in land use, we have the Maximum Likelihood method (MAXVER) and compared with the PRODES data and with the data calculated in the Project Design Document. Within the limits of RESEX Rio Preto-Jacundá in 2013, 2.88% of the area was classified as anthropized area, over the years the northwest and central regions were the most affected regions. The other RESEXs analyzed in the reference region, only RESEX Angelim was the most affected in relation to deforestation rates. RESEX Rio Preto-Jacundá presents a great pressure in relation to deforestation, even controlling some deforestation fronts, from 2017 to 2019 the calculated rates are above the rates projected in the Project Design Document, showing that the project was not effective during this period. 

The Amazon is characterized by a socio-biodiversity of environments and landscapes that is expressed in the social and cultural diversity of its people, they have the geographical space both in relation to their construction and reconstruction, as well as in the centrality in many studies and research. The evidence is innumerable of this diversity of beliefs, habits and myths shared among the regional social groups, the result of the inheritances given to them by the pioneer peoples in the process of occupation of the Amazon: Indians, Europeans and black Africans. This heritage is expressed in a heterogeneous way in the socio-cultural manifestations presented by the Amazonian man in his daily life. In this study, we sought to highlight the particularities of the Amazonian floodplain and the way the Amazon peasant uses the environments of this space, land, forest and water, to develop his productive activities, reflected in his way of life and in the configuration the place it occupies. In this way, the objective of this research arises from the perspective of understanding the place and the transformation of the landscape of the Cachoeiry-Oriximina-PA hole, from family agricultural production in the period between 1980 to 2018. In addition, this is a result qualiquantitative research, where the methodological procedures of office and field work were used. Thus, the first aimed at a theoretical-conceptual review, the analysis of statistical and documentary data. On the other hand, fieldwork was applied in the field form technique in the communities that make up the hole. The research points out that the relationship of the Amazon peasant in his communities in the Furo Cachoeiry involves several dimensions, such as the total dependence among family members in the development of agricultural activities, with reflexes both in the generation of income and in the place of each family, as well as in the way of social reproduction. Secondary data guided the orientation of what should be observed in the place, starting from the main perspective of family farming, especially the production of fruit and vegetables. The field data showed the secondary data regarding the family production in the borehole and its relevance in the spatial organization and, consequently, in the configuration of the landscape and the place for the peasant in the Amazonian floodplain. Unlike the mainland, which, in the current economic context of the Amazon, receives a lot of attention, with regard to public policies for its productive development, the floodplain area occupies a peripheral place in terms of effective investment. The two Amazonian environments - lowland and mainland - require different policies from the public authorities to encourage their regional socio-environmental developments.

This thesis has as research plan to examine the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant (UHEBM) as an event that articulates a municipality in the Amazon, Altamira, with large urban and industrial centers in Brazil, promoting an uneven geographical development model, operated by the corporate use of the territory through engineering systems. For its development, we chose as a general objective: to understand the mechanisms that generate uneven geographic development, resulting from the corporate use of the territory by the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant. And as specific objectives: to identify the debate on the territory, uneven development, and territorial ordering in geography; analyze the mechanisms that promote inequality underlying the energy commodity sold by the hydroelectric plant; state the repercussions triggered by the formation of the hydroelectric plant reservoir for citizens who were affected by the 100 m elevation in Altamira (Directly Affected Area – Urban DAA); describe the impacts of the formation of the reservoir for the fishing activity for artisanal fishermen in Colony Z-57. In this situation, we delineate the problem of searching about the meaning and consequence of the event consummated by the installation of UHE Belo Monte for the region, for the city of Altamira, and the fishermen of the Fishing Colony Z-57. The fact's analysis dealt with in this research led to the conclusion that the construction of hydroelectric plants in the Amazon responds to the demands of the domestic market, directed to the massive consumer centers in the Southeast and Northeast of Brazil. Its principal beneficiaries are construction consortia, management consortia (billionaire accumulation), and large energy distributors (trillion-dollar accumulation), which produces an explicit inequality when draining its resources from the region. For the urban space of Altamira, it promoted relative improvement, in contrast to singular and disaggregating segregation of the traditional and bordering centralities of the Xingu and its tributaries. For artisanal fishermen it represented the loss of their fishing grounds, compromising the Xingu fishing territory.

stract This research analyzed the dynamics of the use of rural space in the south of Rondônia, based on changes in the productive profile of the region of Vilhena, in particular the city of Vilhena, consolidating a new agricultural productive arrangement in the agribusiness of Rondonia with the formation of the RPA of Vilhena. Economic activity of great importance for Brazilian agriculture, soy has a strong weight in the national economy and is the agricultural commodity most exported by Brazil with the greatest weight in the trade balance in the category of basic products. Produced in all regions, it is present in Rondônia, being responsible for 1/3 of the exports of basic products of the state. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the transformations that took place in the Amazon, more precisely in the Region of Vilhena, in the south of Rondônia, from the spatialization of agricultural production practiced in the region with the regionalization of grain production. The research starts from the landmark of the colonization projects implanted by the military government as historical and geographical conditions to understand the transformation process that took place in Rondônia. The time frame is between the years 1998 to 2018, with new action and object systems incorporated into the space, changing the pre-established structure with the creation of new economic and social spaces from the spatialization of agribusiness with the production of soybeans and livestock. In this context, we start from the hypothesis that after two decades of soybean growth and expansion in the state of Rondônia and, especially, in the southern region, we have the formation of the Agribusiness Productive Region - RPA open to external flows, which denotes corporate use of space by companies that are not seen in the rest of the state, with the generation of agrarian conflicts and the restructuring of the city. With the dynamics of production and reproduction of agricultural and urban spaces, associated with the restructuring process of Brazilian agriculture, new territorial arrangements arise, in which Elias (2013) designated “agribusiness productive regions - RPA”. The RPA’s receive significant investments from globalized agribusiness, making these regions expand their competitiveness, generating social, urban and rural transformations. Agribusiness (re) structures the territory within a spatial dialectic of modernization, with the expansion of the agricultural frontier. This expansion has occurred with the generation of agrarian conflicts between farmers and peasants since the dispute over land, as well as the use of pesticides, occupying space for other agricultural activities practiced in the region. Soy occupies pasture areas and pushes livestock to other regions of the state, puts pressure on opening new areas for pasture, promotes rural exodus, aggravates agrarian conflicts. With this productive regionalization in the south of Rondônia, the municipality of Vilhena adapts to meet the demands that arise from the countryside, specializing in agribusiness and becoming a “city of agribusiness” serving the other surrounding municipalities that make up the Vilhena RPA. 

Thinking about the peasantry in rural settlements is to understand their interaction, is to understand how they manage the land, use water, how to plant the seed, their social organization with the community, how their respective actions result in the construction of a rural with problems and demands. Therefore, the objective of this research is to understand the agricultural strategies, the forms of social organization and access to public policies by peasants as a mechanism of territorialization in PA Chico Mendes I - Presidente Médici - Rondônia. This study is the result of a qualitative-quantitative research and the methodological procedures used was the office and field work, the first, aimed at a theoretical-conceptual review, analysis of statistical and documentary data, while the second, the technique of the form field in the settlement. The research indicates that the relation of families to their properties involves several dimensions, such as the total dependence of the members on the activities, reflecting on income generation and the importance of each family member in the ways of social reproduction. We perceived little interest among the settlers in participating in formal groups of organizations, reflecting the precariousness of basic services in the settlement, but the forms of socialization existing in the community contributed to the construction of a school, a basic health unit, among other services that could be strengthened through greater cooperation among peasants. It is noted the influence of external agents on the life in the settlement, imposing and limiting their way of producing and reproducing, being: INCRA, EMATER, City Hall, credit agencies and middlemen. Its performance is positive as an agent promoting public policies focused on infrastructure (School, Basic Health Unit, roads), commercialization (production flow - for example PAA), technical assistance (sustainable production) or negative precisely because of the precariousness of these basic services, drastically influences peasant relations in a social, economic and environmental way.

The main objective of this research work is to evaluate the implementation of management of conservation units - UCs, from the implementation of the hydroelectric power plants of Jirau and Santo Antônio, in the Madeira River, Porto Velho / RO. The protected areas located around the plants are: State Sustainable Income Forest - FERS Rio Vermelho C, Rio Pardo State Forest, Environmental Protection Area - APA Rio Madeira, Rio Pardo Environmental Protection Area, Extractive Reserve - RESEX Jaci-Paraná, National Forest - FLONA do Bom Futuro, Ecological Station - ESEC Serra Três Irmãos and, National Park - PARNA Mapinguari. To evaluate the implementation of management in the protected areas in the study area, the compatibility or incompatibility between planned use (standard use) and effective use (use found in the area) was evidenced. To obtain the data, the creation and alteration decrees of the PAs, technical reports, application of geographic data collection form and environmental compensation data from the installation of the Jirau and Santo Antônio hydroelectric plants between 2008 and 2018 were considered. The data analysis showed that the management implementation process of the PAs analyzed from 2008 to 2013 is for three medium implementation conservation units, namely PARNA Mapinguari, Bom Futuro FLONA and ESEC Serra dos Três Irmãos, the other Madeira and Rio Pardo EPAs, Rio Vermelho C and Rio Pardo FERS and RESEX Jaci Paraná had a low implementation rate for this period. In the period from 2008 to 2018, only the ESEC Serra dos Três Irmãos had an average implementation rate, the others presented low. Even though these protected areas, according to Art. 36 of Law No. 9,985 of 2000 of the National System of Protected Areas, benefited from the environmental compensation from the installation of the UHEs, none of them received environmental compensation until 2018. The installation of the UHEs revealed institutional flexibilities, including from the legislative point of view, which allowed the full incorporation of the ESEC Antônio Mujica Nava and FERS Rio Vermelho B and partially the ESEC Antônio Mujica Nava and FERS Rio Vermelho B into the Mapinguari National Park. In the case of FLONA do Bom Futuro, the interest of the Government of Rondônia is revealed in the realization of the occupation over FLONA, which resulted in the settlement of Rio Pardo, according to the complementary law n ° 12.249, of 11/07/2010. Although PAs are a conservation strategy for the Amazon, PAs in the study area have been redefined, limiting their institutional flexibility, given the interest in accommodating reservoirs formed by the Jirau and Santo Antônio HPPs. , evidencing the disagreement between the normative use (legislations n ° 9.985-National System of Conservation Units-SNUC and n ° 1.144-State System of Conservation Units - SEUC) the effective use (use that occurs in the study area), which compromises the protection of these areas by becoming precedent for other changes in PAs in the area and the Amazon

A atividade pesqueira no Brasil, sobretudo no Estado do Amazonas, tem passado por mudanças econômicas, sociais e ambientais nos últimos anos que interferiram negativamente na vida de centenas de ribeirinhos que usam a pesca como atividade de subsistência. Desse modo, a pesca comercial regional tomou espaço em muitas comunidades que antes realizavam-na somente para subsistência. Assim, a presente dissertação aborda a dinâmica dos territórios pesqueiros marcados por conflitos, lutas e resistências após a inserção do co-manejo pesqueiro como medida conservacionista em lagos selecionados. O co-manejo tem aparecido como principal ação para reestruturar o ambiente aquático afetado pela exploração pesqueira comercial na microrregião do alto Solimões, porém, tem falhado quando as variáveis contidas nas ações do Estado e dos próprios usuários não conseguem organizar toda a demanda que o projeto exige. O território pesqueiro, alvo de constantes disputas entre categorias de pescadores (comerciais e subsistência) pelos recursos que nele existem, é marcado como espaço de conflitos em/entre comunidades ribeirinhas. A tríplice fronteira entre Brasil (Tabatinga), Colômbia (Letícia) e Peru (Isla de Santa Rosa) é espaço refletido por disputas entre pescadores das três nacionalidades que utilizam os territórios pesqueiros, invadem áreas demarcadas (lagos fechados de comunidades) e abastecem o comércio de peixe regional e internacional. Assim, para compreender a realidade do território pesqueiro em Terezina III, comunidade ribeirinha de Tabatinga, utilizamos o método qualitativo e quantitativo em consonância com a técnica de aplicação de questionário e entrevistas estruturadas que possibilitaram compreender a dinâmica de pesca vivida em comunidades próximas a tríplice fronteira, como também a existência de conflitos, disputas territoriais e a livre comercialização entre os três países.

Esta disertación tiene como objetivo identificar, describir y analizar el proceso de planificación del uso del suelo en la ciudad de Porto Velho, en el curso de su historia, basado en la consideración de dos fenómenos humanos que son distintos y complementarios entre sí, cuando se consideran en el contexto de la ocupación, exploración, desarrollo y urbanización de la Amazonía. Los fenómenos mencionados son la contribución de la infraestructura y los procesos migratorios trasladados a la región, lo que resultó en cambios significativos en el paisaje debido al avance de la deforestación, los asentamientos de población, la apertura de carreteras en el estado de Rondônia y la configuración de las principales ciudades en particular, el locus de investigación de Porto Velho.La metodología parte de un análisis geográfico sobre la región y los mecanismos de planificación que se constituyeron al principio y el desarrollo de la ciudad, que permitieron establecer recortes y temporalidades que especifican qué tan importantes fueron los aspectos de la historia y su contexto geográfico en la conformación del ordenamiento de esta ciudad.Se destacaron tres contextos geográficos, bajo los cuales se marcan las expresiones de la tecnificación del territorio impulsada por el avance del capital y las transferencias de población que, a través del trabajo y la esperanza, se constituyeron como agentes de apropiación del territorio y actores de las metamorfosis impresas en él. Se concluye que para abordar la planificación del territorio en la ciudad de Porto Velho se requiere un enfoque que considere los contextos regionales y nacionales porque la apropiación del territorio es el desarrollo de políticas establecidas en esos contextos, mediante la imposición de intereses exógenos que, interactuando, establecieron características y formas específicas en el territorio de la ciudad, adaptándolo a su apropiación y usos, dando como resultado la configuración actual.

The agrarian issue has been the research subject in many fields of knowledge, as well as, in Geography. From these efforts to understand the advances of capitalism in rural space, two paradigms with different explanatory theories have emerged: the Agrarian Capitalism Paradigm (PCA) and the Agrarian Question Paradigm (PQA). This analysis perspective is based on the PQA, that understands the agrarian issue as a direct problem of capitalism, intrinsic to its structural bases, and only being possible to solve it by overcoming the system. Beyond the theoretical debate resulting from these two points of view, on a practical and daily basis there are the peasants who experience the agrarian issue as a problem which is present in their struggles for survival, and insistence on perpetuating their way of life. The different researches carried out on the thematic allowed advances, mainly with respect to the theoretical universe of the problem. However, we point out from this research, the need to know even more how this problem is perceived by the peasant’s empirical experiences. In this work we investigate how the agrarian issue supports the social production of the peasant spaces having as element of this analysis the empirical comprehension of these subjects according to the theoretical reference. Reflections on the theoretical contributions allowed us to cut these variables: the peasants profile and their social aspects; the relation with the field and conception of the agrarian issue; the ownership and ownership of land and the land use and production. Thus, data collection and theoretical analysis allow the discussion of these issues and constitute our specific objectives in this study. The research participants were peasants, to whom we had access through the Educacao do Campo University Course, offered specifically for them. To meet this objective, this research was developed methodologically, on the qualitative research perspective in relation to the data collection, and we use as an interpretative perspective of the critical geography, developed by agrarian geography. In the analysis of the obtained results are made the theoretical projections that base this study, that represents the peasant agrarian question configuration in Rondonia.

This work approaches whose object is the territorial constitution of an Extractive Reserve - RESEX Rio Cautário, in Rondônia. The analysis category is “Used Territory”. The discussions were based centrally on socio-environmental tensions through the established power relations between internal actors (Resex residents), Agents represented by the state and the external actors, rural settlements and farmers living in the area that surrounds the geographical limits of protected area. In order to understand the processes that triggered the creation and the implementation processes, it begins with questions that deal with the analysis of the environmental policies that guided the discussions about the processes of development under the logic of capitalismo and its implications for the sustainable development that guided the creation of Extractive Reserves. Following the field research, it was possible to establish a comparative analysis between studies carried out in the years 2011, 2014 and 2017, which were of great importance to understand the territorial transformations. And finally, surrounding the Resex is the buffer zone and the characterization of its actors, the holistic view allowed to verify the use of the soil based on the breeding of cattle and dairy, understood by the literature as vectors for the advancement of deforestation and consequently of pressure on the area. In this sense, Resex perpetuates the function of capital reserve / used territory. Based on the dynamics of restrictions established in the processes of categorization and legal use of the territory, the concept of sustainability does not find a foundation for its continuity as a sustainable use by traditional populations, when their characteristics and potential are not considered at local level.

The landscape in Brazilian cities has been gradually altered over the last decades due to the changes in the use, occupation and management of lands that drain rivers, stream, integrates river basin and is inserted in a conjecture that associates contemporary world, mode of production and life with a high consumption of products and embedded products, but in another perspective, the population density that triggers the domestic sewer and absence of essential elements such as basic sanitation has no investment in technology and corroborates with the pollution of surface waters in the hydrographic basin of stream the Two of  April in Ji-Paraná-RO. In this bias the research analyzed the physical-chemical parameters of water in 18 collection points for the variables dissolved Oxygen (OD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), pH, total dissolved solids (STD), electrical conductivity of water, water Temperature, Turbidity, Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate, dissolved Phosphorus, total Phosphorus, thermotolerant Coliforms, Escherichia coli (E-coli) and Chlorophyll a, in the Laboratory of Limnology (LABIM) of the environmental engineering course, Campus Ji-Paraná, Federal University of Rondônia (UNIR) in two campaign seasonal, rainy and dry season s, year 2017. The collection points were georeferenced with GPS Navigation Garmin E-trex 20, the maps were elaborated with free open source software Qgis 2.18.22. The methodology followed the protocol, titulometric, gravimetric, electrometric, nephelometric, brucine, filter membrane in chromogenic medium and spectrophotometric determined for each variable. For statistical analysis, the basin was divided into three sectors. The concentrations of the parameters studied were analyzed with descriptive statistics using the Microsoft Excel worksheet and Action Stat 3 software, experimental statistics with Sisvar® software and main component analysis (PCA) with XLSTAT software. The result of the descriptive statistics considering the standard deviation showed that there was a difference between the seasonal periods and between the sectors for the fifteen variables surveyed. For the eleven variables analyzed with Scott-Knott, STD, Turbidity, Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate, total Phosphorus and E-coli, a significant difference was identified between period factor and sectors, and for pH, electrical Conductivity and dissolved Phosphorus variables test showed no difference between the seasonal periods. The PCA showed that 66.42% of the data analyzed in the rainy season were influenced by STD, BOD, E-coli, Turbidity, dissolved Phosphorus, total Phosphorus, pH. In the dry period 61.79% of the data had influence of Temperature, Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate, dissolved Phosphorus, total Phosphorus, E-coli, thermotolerant Coliforms and Chlorophyll a. The concentrations found in the study area were compared to the freshwater classes I, II and III described in CONAMA Resolution 357/2005, the variables that did not extrapolate the norm for the three types of water class in the two seasonal periods were nitrite, nitrate, pH, with the exception of ammonia that did not extrapolate the maximum value allowed only in the rainy season. Temperature, electrical Conductivity and dissolved phosphorus are not recommended in the standard for freshwater classes. Therefore, the results allow infer that anthropogenic actions influence the degradation of the environmental quality of surface waters in the hydrographic basin stream Dois de Abril.

This dissertation proposed to study the positive impacts of the Continuous Benefit Benefit - BPC on the life of elderly women who attend the Center for the Coexistence of the Elderly - CCI, as well as the way they perceive and represent the space of said center, being this the place of reference of the same, besides the relations with their relatives, established in their respective residences.In order to reach the proposed objectives, we adopted as a method the phenomenological approach, based on the Merleau - Ponty 's phenomenology of perception, regarding the methodology, adopting qualitative as this revealing reality and semi - structured interviews that were analyzed according to oral history technique. Considering the increase in the elderly population in Brazil in recent years, with women being the majority 51.03% (IBGE, 2010), it is essential to know with live part of this population, in the case here on screen, what were the changes that occurred with the receipt of the Continuous Benefit Benefit. The results show that there was an improvement in the quality of life of the studied public, allowing them an independence in relation to their children. Even though we know that the minimum wage in force in our country is still far from ideal, it is evident in the interviews conducted, the feeling of gratitude for having at least that income. The continuous benefit benefit is part of the Social Assistance policy, contained in the Organic Law of Social Assistance - LOAS - Federal Law no. 8,742 / 93, in its article 2, which guarantees the payment of 01 (one) monthly minimum wage for disabled persons and elderly people who prove that they do not have the means to provide for their own maintenance or have it provided by their family. In addition to the criteria mentioned above, in the case of the elderly, must be at least 65 (sixty-five) of age for the grant of said benefit.

This work is a study on the relationship with the place. The place is permeated our study of subjectivities, experiences and feelings. Our study aims to analise how individuals perceive the places in which their lives unfold and how processed the sudden change , the loss of this place abruptly and removal to another . This is the place for the community of Mutum Parana , currently living in the city of Nova Mutum, built by the consortium Energia Sustentavel do Brasil, responsible for the construction of HPP Jirau on the Madeira River . Inquired about the possibility of recreating the place where these people found comfort and shelter, in addition to the qualitative material and seeking the understanding of the links with the places and how these same bonds contribute to the understanding of these people about themselves, about their feelings, their wishes, their way of living. Treading the path of research, through the phenomenological perspective, we value the subjectivity expressed by the narratives that came from the people that participated on this studyso as we investigated the discourse that involveld the construction of Jirau dam.

This work has the principal axis of spatial analysis to understand the advance of agribusiness in the municipality of Vilhena, south state of Rondonia. Due to new features imposed by the external market, the economic relations of the global order to carry out with the appropriate of territory. Thus, the territory has new structured to complete the demands of economic production, featuring new regional features. The results of these changes are linked with the current process of economic globalization, having the implications on territorial changes and social and economic performance in this city. Can understand this process in advance of agribusiness by economic agents, new structuring the geographical space with the inclusion of fixed structures in to fit the pattern of consumption and requirements imposed by external demand, thus to impose a new territorial dynamics with changes in urban and rural. Such activities require a right moment of the city to take shape with the appropriate equipment to supply the field. In these dynamic ranges of action of public agents, economic and social conditions to produce a territorial new structured, especially when we consider that, in actuality, these activities are increasingly interdependent and behave of reason and global scale.