The Erasure of Mathematical Knowledge of Pre-Columbian Peoples in Mathematics Textbooks for the Final Years of Elementary School: A Study in State Schools in Ji-Paraná (RO)
Ethnomathematics. Pre-Columbian peoples. Textbook. Mathematics education. Epistemic justice. Cultural diversity.
This dissertation analyzes how the mathematical knowledge of pre-Columbian civilizations, such as the Maya, Aztec, and Inca, is represented (or neglected) in mathematics textbooks used in the final years of elementary school in state schools in the municipality of Ji-Paraná (RO), approved by the National Textbook and Didactic Material Program (PNLD). The research, qualitative in nature and with a documentary approach, is based on the theoretical framework of Ethnomathematics and decolonial perspectives. The results show that references to these peoples are scarce, fragmented, and treated as historical curiosities, disconnected from the knowledge objects of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). Such omissions reveal a Eurocentric curricular logic that silences indigenous epistemologies and devalues Latin American cultural and epistemic diversity. Therefore, we argue for the urgency of educational policies and pedagogical practices that promote the critical inclusion of this knowledge in textbooks and the school curriculum, contributing to the construction of a more pluralistic, democratic, and socially just mathematics education.