BEHIND THE BLACKBOARD: GENDER PERFORMATIVITY AMONG FEMALE TEACHERS IN PORTO VELHO (RO)
Performativity; gender; disciplinary power; Judith Butler; Michel Foucault
The present study aims to investigate gender performativity within the context of female teaching activity in Porto Velho (RO), examining how the gender norms imposed by society influences and regulates the practices of female teachers in the public education system. To achieve this objective, the research was structured into four complementary sections. The first section offers a brief historical overview of the city of Porto Velho, located in the Amazon region of Brazil, and introduces the four schools—understood here as disciplinary institutions that reproduce and reinforce social expectations, particularly those related to the construction of femininity (Foucault, 1975)—where the participating teachers work. The second section develops the theoretical framework, grounded in the concept of gender performativity formulated by Judith Butler, whose reflections challenge the supposed naturalness of gender and propose its understanding as the result of the repetition of normative acts and discourses (Butler, 2018). This theoretical perspective is articulated with Michel Foucault’s formulations on disciplinary power (1975), allowing for an analysis of how female teachers are affected by such mechanisms and how they understand—and at times resist—these processes of normalization, which generally operate unconsciously. The third section addresses the methodological approach adopted in the research, based on Oral History, conceived as both an art of listening and a method of knowledge production. In this section, it is discussed to what extent Oral History constitutes not merely a technique for data collection but also an interpretive approach that values the experience and memory of the subjects (Portelli, 2016; Alberti, 2004). Finally, the fourth and last section is dedicated to the analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with four teachers working in schools located in different regions of Porto Velho—central, eastern, northern, and southern zones. This stage seeks to understand the social, economic, and cultural differences that shape the trajectories of these teachers and, above all, how they experience, interpret, and confront the dynamics of gender performativity in their professional and social lives.