Banca de DEFESA: GISELE DIAS DE OLIVEIRA BLEGGI CUNHA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : GISELE DIAS DE OLIVEIRA BLEGGI CUNHA
DATA : 29/03/2021
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: UNIR - Google Hangouts Meet: https://meet.google.com/may-ppao-hov?authuser=2
TÍTULO:

UHE Tabajara: falhas no EIA/RIMA e violações aos Direitos Humanos das populações locais.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Human Rights; Hydroelectric plants; Amazon; Socioenvironmental Impacts.

PÁGINAS: 233
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Sociais e Aplicadas
ÁREA: Direito
SUBÁREA: Direitos Especiais
RESUMO:

The construction of hydroelectric projects has invariably followed a logic of invasion of large regions not yet inserted in the capitalist economy, and that should supposedly benefit from the economic development that the project could provide to the local population. However, what was noticed by the cases that already occurred in the country was the adoption of a system of total appropriation of territories occupied by local populations, involuntary displacements, unrepaired social damage, limiting the participation of people in the decision-making process, evidencing a devastating scenario of denial of rights. It can be affirmed, after observing several concrete cases experienced in the Amazon region, that violations of the rights of local people are naturally accepted by the economic segment and by the State. The evaluation methodologies that artificially reduce the area of influence of the projects are adopted by a voluntary act of the consortiums aiming at the reduction of social costs and the maximization of corporate profits. Such considerations were dealt with in sections 2 and 3 of this work. Regarding the case study of theTabajara project, the research carried out in the process of environmental licensing and in the EIA/RIMA, developed by the enterprise, it was revealed serious inconsistencies and disrespect for the environmental legal system. It can be said that the impact study presented is inept and useless for the purpose of assessing environmental and social impacts. The defects are so serious that it is questioned whether it would be better for the Licensing Agency to demand new impact studies, instead of just requesting corrections. The failures of the EIA / RIMA were addressed in sections 4, 5 and 6. Among the main biases, the following stand out: a) undersizing the size of the reservoir and the flood areas; b) undersizing the areas of direct and indirect influence; c) undersizing the number of people, families and groups affected; d) exclusion of communities from damage repair programs, invalidating relevant characteristics of their socio-cultural diversity; e) negative impacts on several Indian tribes in the region, without any mitigation or compensatory program related to these territories; d) denial of the existence, in the work’s area of influence, of groups of isolated indigenous people wandering around the site; e) registration of the affected and deficient and incomplete population, with exclusion of people and groups from the survey; f) incomplete and methodologically inadequate mapping of traditional activities performed in the area of influence of the work, such as family farming, fishing, extractivism, animal husbandry, etc.; g) omission of information on the degree of dependence of traditional groups on the natural environment; h) failure to identify impacts that may imply a risk of genocide among isolated indigenous groups living in the southern part of Indigenous tribe Tenharim-Marmelos; i) among other defects. The impact relativization strategy used in the EIA / RIMA is obvious. This method was intentionally employed in order to facilitate the approval of the project before the Licensing Agency. In view of this scenario of failures and omissions in the document produced, the research carried out proposed a series of corrections, in section 6, which will need to be carried out to improve the quality and efficiency of the previous studies of theTabajara project. If such corrections are not made, numerous violations of people’s human rights, including families and communities will take place in that location. Finally, in the last section of the research, guidelines obtained by the analysis of national and international legislation were gathered, as well as guidance manuals produced by independent institutions, which point to the best practices to be followed by the Government and the business sector in licensing processes of major works of development in the Amazon.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 2374782 - RICARDO GILSON DA COSTA SILVA
Interno - 1546985 - APARECIDA LUZIA ALZIRA ZUIN
Interno - 396841 - MARCO ANTONIO DOMINGUES TEIXEIRA
Externo ao Programa - 2081196 - AFONSO MARIA DAS CHAGAS
Externo à Instituição - SILVIO SIMIONE DA SILVA - UFAC