Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: ELTON EMANUEL BRITO CAVALCANTE

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : ELTON EMANUEL BRITO CAVALCANTE
DATE: 28/02/2024
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: Sala online: meet.google.com/nti-ygfj-ckm
TITLE:

The political-ideological and religious principles of contemporary environmentalism present in "Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development"

KEY WORDS:

Environmentalism, developmentalism, ideology, left, right.

PAGES: 227
BIG AREA: Outra
AREA: Multidisciplinar
SUMMARY:

In the late 19th century, during the Second Industrial Revolution in the United States, a systematic ecological concern emerged, giving rise to two environmentalist currents: preservationism and conservationism. Both arose in response to the utilitarian-developmental position, which asserted absolute property rights, allowing landowners free rein to exploit their land as they saw fit. Conservationism favored balanced economic progress, while preservationism advocated for the absolute protection of nature, often through the creation of reserves. Consequently, environmental movements were accused of being ideologically influenced: contemporary environmentalism, for many, is seen as a reflection of prevailing political-cultural polarization, with science accused of bias at its core. In this polarization, international organizations, particularly the UN, have come under scrutiny. As a result, left and right have developed theories, each accusing the other of being conspiratorial. Whether conspiratorial or not, such theories have their defenders. Just as anthropology and sociology study narratives to understand their origins and scope, studying these theories and attempting to understand their reasoning also helps to comprehend the complexities of modern society. The objective of this study, therefore, is to address how the ideological confrontation between environmentalists and utilitarian-developmentalists, within the dualistic context discussed, is reflected in the report "Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" (2015), commonly referred to as the UN's Agenda 2030. The following questions are posed: what theories and doctrines regarding the environment are supported by this document? As it is produced by a body like the UN, can it be considered impartial or biased? Which socio-economic groups does it represent? The thesis put forth is that there is indeed a biased slant in such a text, advancing ideas contrary to the Western cultural model, based on two major pillars: the Judeo-Christian paradigm, in terms of spirituality; and the Greco-Roman paradigm, in terms of philosophy, ethics, and laws. This would not necessarily be against capitalism, but against democracy. The political model being sought would be akin to an oligarchy, bordering on plutocracy, anti-liberal in politics; free market in economics; progressivism against Judeo-Christian values in culture. All of this would form the basis of a global government, with power held by an economic and intellectual caste, enlightened, secular, and anti-religious: radical environmentalist movements would be nothing more than facets of this globalizing policy. The research on the subject was primarily documentary and bibliographical, with the Agenda 2030 as the object of study. As for the method, the analytical-hermeneutical approach advocated by Candido (2006) was used, where the analysis of a written work must take into account three interrelated points: the historical context, the biography of the author/institution, and the analysis of the text itself. In support of this method, techniques derived from discourse analysis, following the French model, as used by Pêcheux (2016) and Foucault (2000), were useful for the study. Pêcheux (2016) asserts that analyzing discourse involves relating it to theories of ideology and the unconscious; thus, he constructed a theory of the subject without subjectivism, directly relating the text to the context that allows it to exist. The discourse is not only in the text itself, but is a continuation-permission of the reality that surrounds it. Therefore, the subject is not free: their subjectivity is controlled by social forces constructed through a political-historical-economic process. Foucault (2000) similarly argues that discursive formation encompasses only what is allowed to be said in a given historical-cultural moment. Hence, the need to pay attention to the hidden, conscious or not, messages from the author(s) of the text in order to understand its deeper meaning. Based on this theoretical-methodological framework, it is inferred that within a text, despite seeking objectivity and impersonality, there are unconscious or subliminal markers that reveal not the writer's will, but that of the group to which they belong.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1658780 - EMANUEL FERNANDO MAIA DE SOUZA
Interno - 1905088 - RONALDO DE ALMEIDA
Externa ao Programa - 1546985 - APARECIDA LUZIA ALZIRA ZUIN - UNIRExterno ao Programa - 2078668 - ELCIO ALOISIO FRAGOSO - UNIRExterno ao Programa - 2251209 - FERNANDO SIMPLICIO DOS SANTOS - UNIRExterno ao Programa - 1126693 - MARCELO LEAL LIMA - UNIR