SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN THE AMAZON: MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN THE ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT
Sustainable tourism. Organizational sustainability. Indicators. Psychometric scale. Amazon.
Sustainability for organizations operating in the tourism sector has ceased to be a
differentiating factor and has become a strategic requirement to reconcile economic
growth, environmental preservation, and sociocultural valorization. In the Amazon, this
urgency intensifies in the face of pressure on natural resources, socioeconomic
inequalities, and institutional weaknesses. Despite advances in the global debate on
sustainability in tourism, the literature revealed a gap regarding the availability of
validated instruments capable of measuring, at the organizational level, sustainability
practices in the sector. In this context, this thesis aimed to develop a scale for evaluating
sustainable tourism organizational practices, applied to the Amazonian reality and later
named the Organizational Tourism Sustainability Measurement Scale (EMSOT). The
research was characterized as applied, of a quali-quantitative nature, exploratory and
descriptive in type, and structured in five sequential stages. Initially, a systematic
literature review was carried out, based on the PRISMA protocol, to identify and
organize sustainability indicators in tourism. Next, the construction, structuring, and
validation of the EMSOT were undertaken, including expert analyses, pre-test, and field
application. Statistical data processing used the FACTOR software, with emphasis on
exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, supported by polychoric correlations and
indicators of psychometric validity and reliability. The results confirmed the robustness
of the instrument, consolidated in 28 indicators distributed across four factors: Local
Economic Development, Responsible Environmental Practices, Transparency and
Social Engagement, and Environmental Planning and Impact Mitigation. The
application in Amazonian tourism organizations revealed more consistent perceptions in
the economic dimension and greater fragility in the integration with environmental
practices, indicating the need for more articulated public policies and organizational
strategies. It is concluded that the EMSOT represents a theoretical, methodological, and
practical advance by offering a validated instrument adapted to regional specificities
and aligned with global frameworks such as TBL, CSR, ESG, and the Sustainable
Development Goals.