Conditions for Teaching Natural Sciences in Urban Schools in the municipality of Vilhena (RO)
Teaching. Continuing Training. Planning. Villena.
Knowing what makes Science closer to students has been a great challenge, as well as understanding that the conditions offered for the teaching of Natural Sciences interfere in the educational practices carried out by teachers in this area. In this way, the question that guided this study was the following: what are the conditions offered for the teaching of Natural Sciences, which guide the practices of teachers in the final years of Elementary School, in the state network, in the municipality of Vilhena, Rondônia ( RO)? The research is located in the area of teaching Natural Sciences, with an emphasis on conditions offered for the work of Natural Science teachers, having as theoretical contributions, mainly, the evidential paradigm of Carlo Ginzburg, the continuing education of Science teachers of Nature discussed by Krasilchik (1987) and Carvalho and Gil-Pérez (2011). In order to answer our main question, we used the Political Pedagogical Project (PPP) of the eight schools that participated in the research, the annual and daily class plans, provided by the teachers participating in the study, and the semi-structured interview, with a previously prepared script. , carried out with eleven teachers from schools that offer elementary education II, in the state public network of Vilhena-RO. We found that schools lack resources such as Science and IT laboratories and school gardens; that most teachers who teach Natural Sciences do not have this training; that, when they receive continuing education, this is not in their area of expertise; and that teachers tend to seek their own alternatives for differentiated teaching and try to develop the contents of the discipline considering the reality of their students. Teachers reported making use of the textbook and following the recommendations of the National Curricular Common Base (BNCC). We also found that educators have difficulties in working on topics that are distant from their initial training and are able to deal with topics related to this one; planning requires more time from teachers than the five hours provided by the State Department of Education (SEDUC) for this activity, which leads teachers to use leisure time to plan their classes. Finally, we understand that the conditions provided for the teaching of the Natural Sciences curricular component intervene in the practices of teachers in the final years of Elementary School of the state network in the municipality of Vilhena (RO), and, thus, educators develop their practices according to the available resources.