Banca de DEFESA: SIRLENE BRASIL DE OLIVEIRA BEZERRA

CULTIVATING COFFEE C. canephora IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS WITH BANDARRA, BRAZILIAN CHESTNUT AND TEAK

Amazon; Shade coffee; Conilon 

Agroforestry Systems - AFS with coffee trees can bring ecological, economic and social benefits to farmers who opt for these cultivation systems. The various benefits range from increasing the biodiversity of the system to increasing the yield of the coffee crop or the system as a whole, as well as improving the environment for carrying out activities related to the culture of the system. In Amazonian conditions, a fragile ecosystem mainly due to the prevailing environmental conditions, the benefits of AFS may be even more relevant than in other biomes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of C. canephora 'Conilon' coffee trees cultivated in AFS with bandarra, chestnut and teak in the conditions of the Brazilian South Western Amazon. The study was conducted at the Embrapa Experimental Field in Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, Brazil (10º44'05'S, 62º15'20'W and 250 m), from november 2014 to june 2021. Three experiments were carried out: i) coffee trees shaded with bandarra (Schyzolobium paranyba var. amazonicum); ii) coffee trees shaded with chestnut (Bertholletia excelsa), and iii) coffee trees shaded with teak (Tectona grandis). Within each experiment, four tree densities were tested: zero (coffee trees in full sun); 111 trees ha-1 (10 m × 9 m); 222 trees ha-1 (10 m × 4.5 m) and 444 trees ha-1 (5 m x 4.5 m). Each experiment was carried out in a split-plot scheme in time, with the plots formed by the densities and the subplots formed by the years of coffee production. The experimental design was in a band with nine repetitions. The experimental plot consisted of 12 coffee trees, harvested in sequence in the planting line. Coffee grain yields were evaluated over five harvests and beverage quality, by sensory test, in the fifth harvest. Coffee production over the years: There was a biennial effect of coffee production over the years, in all three systems, with the maximum production being observed in the second harvest, 2018, and the minimum in 2020, the year of pruning of production. Average and accumulated productivity of coffee trees: Bandarra promoted a reduction in average and accumulated productivity in all densities, with a greater reduction in the density of 444 trees ha-1. The chestnut produced a reduction of the average and accumulated productivity only in the density of 444 trees ha-1. For teak, there was a difference only between the densities of 111 and 444 trees ha-1, with higher average and accumulated productivity found in the density of 111 and the lowest in the density of 444 trees ha-1. Beverage quality: Sensory analyzes of the beans did not identify differences in the beverage quality of any treatment in any of the experiments. In all three experiments, the average scores were above 80 points, values that correspond to the scores of specialty coffees.